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===Importance of aaptopadesha pramana as teaching and learning tool===

===Importance of aaptopadesha pramana as teaching and learning tool===

The advent of art of writing, invention of paper and printing technology was preceded by the verbal communication of Acharya and Rishi in the Samhita period. The knowledge was largely communicated through oral or verbal form. The Ayurveda avatarana (hierarchy of transfer of knowledge of [[Ayurveda]]) also suggests that the science of [[Ayurveda]] was passed on by Brahma through the means of verbal communication.[Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 1/4) Thus the shabda pramana was the primary source of knowledge since times immoral. This also highlights the extensive usage of question-answer based teaching and learning methodology in [[Ayurveda]] classics as suggested by ‘Na-prushtwa-guravo-vadanti nyaya'.  [Chakrapani on Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/4] It is the foundation for the trividha dnyanopaya or means of learning about any subject matter is largely based on aaptopadesha.[Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/6] All the three aspects study (adhyayana), teaching (adhyapana) and discussion (tadvidya sambhasha) involve the derivation of knowledge from the aapta or texts. The initial or theoretical study (paatha), understanding of the concepts (avabodha), application of the knowledge (anusthana) are also dependant on aaptopadesha. [A.Hr.Uttara Sthana 40/82]<ref name= Hridaya > Vagbhata. Ashtanga Hridayam. Edited by Harishastri Paradkar Vaidya. 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy;2000.</ref> The basics of understanding of the texts or literary matter explained in the samhita like [[tantrayukti]], tacchilya, vadamarga, [[pramana]], arthashraya, siddhant are derived from aaptopadesha and can help to testify the concepts mentioned in the samhita as well. Acharya Sushruta advises every individual to be well versed with different types of sciences and texts in order to become a proficient [[vaidya]]. [Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana 4/7]<ref name=Susruta/> This underlines the importance of learning the science directly from the teachers. [Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana 4/8]<ref name=Susruta/> The aaptopadesha explores and strengthens the cognitive and memory based domain of the pedagogy.

The advent of art of writing, invention of paper and printing technology was preceded by the verbal communication of Acharya and Rishi in the Samhita period. The knowledge was largely communicated through oral or verbal form. The Ayurveda avatarana (hierarchy of transfer of knowledge of [[Ayurveda]]) also suggests that the science of [[Ayurveda]] was passed on by Brahma through the means of verbal communication.[Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 1/4) Thus the shabda pramana was the primary source of knowledge since times immoral. This also highlights the extensive usage of question-answer based teaching and learning methodology in [[Ayurveda]] classics as suggested by ‘Na-prushtwa-guravo-vadanti nyaya'.  [Chakrapani on Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/4] It is the foundation for the trividha dnyanopaya or means of learning about any subject matter is largely based on aaptopadesha.[Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/6] All the three aspects study ([[adhyayana]]), teaching (adhyapana) and discussion (tadvidya sambhasha) involve the derivation of knowledge from the aapta or texts. The initial or theoretical study (paatha), understanding of the concepts (avabodha), application of the knowledge (anusthana) are also dependant on aaptopadesha. [A.Hr.Uttara Sthana 40/82]<ref name= Hridaya > Vagbhata. Ashtanga Hridayam. Edited by Harishastri Paradkar Vaidya. 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy;2000.</ref> The basics of understanding of the texts or literary matter explained in the samhita like [[tantrayukti]], tacchilya, vadamarga, [[pramana]], arthashraya, siddhant are derived from aaptopadesha and can help to testify the concepts mentioned in the samhita as well. Acharya Sushruta advises every individual to be well versed with different types of sciences and texts in order to become a proficient [[vaidya]]. [Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana 4/7]<ref name=Susruta/> This underlines the importance of learning the science directly from the teachers. [Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana 4/8]<ref name=Susruta/> The aaptopadesha explores and strengthens the cognitive and memory based domain of the pedagogy.

===Importance of aaptopadesha pramana for being a good [[vaidya]]===

===Importance of aaptopadesha pramana for being a good [[vaidya]]===