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=== Introduction ===

=== Introduction ===

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Per Ayurvedic texts, a physician cannot treat a patient if he does not possess a complete understanding of a disease. [1] Accurate diagnosis of a disease is important before initiating any treatment, and any understanding of a disease’s manifestation is incomplete without understanding its ''nidana'' (etiology), ''poorvarupa'' (premonitory symptoms), ''linga'' (actual sign and symptoms), ''upashaya'' (pacifying factors) and ''samprapti'' (pathogenesis) – or the ''Nidana Panchaka'' (literally, the five components of ''nidana''). [2]

Per Ayurvedic texts, a physician cannot treat a patient if he does not possess a complete understanding of a disease. <ref>Agnivesha, Charaka, Dridhabala, Charaka SamhitaVimanasthana Adhyaya 4/12, Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji, Fifth Edition Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthana, Varanasi, 2001, 249. </ref> Accurate diagnosis of a disease is important before initiating any treatment, and any understanding of a disease’s manifestation is incomplete without understanding its ''nidana'' (etiology), ''poorvarupa'' (premonitory symptoms), ''linga'' (actual sign and symptoms), ''upashaya'' (pacifying factors) and ''samprapti'' (pathogenesis) – or the ''Nidana Panchaka'' (literally, the five components of ''nidana''). <ref>Agnivesha, Charaka, Dridhabala, Charaka SamhitaNidanasthana Adhyaya 1/6, Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji, Fifth Edition Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthana, Varanasi, 2001, 194. </ref>

A disease’s lifecycle starts with certain premonitory symptoms and ends with its complete manifestation, or ''samprapti''. Between these two stages of the disease, the body shows various sign and symptoms that could be observed by any knowledgeable physician, using the ''Nidana Panchaka'' . Naturally, any disease, if diagnosed very early, could be prevented from manifesting itself through a variety of interventions. [3] A proper understanding of the ''Nidana Panchaka'' helps the physician using various therapies, to establish an equilibrium among the patient’s ''doshas'', ''dhatus'', and ''mala'' – since it is the vitiation of these bodily features that cause a disease. A therapy is considered pure or correct (''vishuddha'') when it cures the disease without giving rise to another disease. [4] Curable diseases can progress to incurable if they are not properly treated. [5]

A disease’s lifecycle starts with certain premonitory symptoms and ends with its complete manifestation, or ''samprapti''. Between these two stages of the disease, the body shows various sign and symptoms that could be observed by any knowledgeable physician, using the ''Nidana Panchaka'' . Naturally, any disease, if diagnosed very early, could be prevented from manifesting itself through a variety of interventions. <ref>Agnivesha, Charaka, Dridhabala, Charaka SamhitaSutrasthana Adhyaya 10/7, Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji, Fifth Edition Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthana, Varanasi, 2001, 66. </ref> A proper understanding of the ''Nidana Panchaka'' helps the physician using various therapies, to establish an equilibrium among the patient’s ''doshas'', ''dhatus'', and ''mala'' – since it is the vitiation of these bodily features that cause a disease. A therapy is considered pure or correct (''vishuddha'') when it cures the disease without giving rise to another disease. <ref>Agnivesha, Charaka, Dridhabala, Charaka SamhitaNidanasthana Adhyaya 8/23, Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji, Fifth Edition Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthana, Varanasi, 2001, 228. </ref> Curable diseases can progress to incurable if they are not properly treated. <ref>Agnivesha, Charaka, Dridhabala, Charaka SamhitaSutrasthana Adhyaya 8/35, Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji, Fifth Edition Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthana, Varanasi, 2001, 229. </ref>

Today, physicians use diagnostic tests and medical investigations to study a condition. These tests could be supplemented with tools like the ''Nidana Panchaka'' described here. For example, access to complete knowledge of dietary and lifestyle activities of a person, specific disease provoking factors, clinical history or health records of past diseases or conditions, and a thorough clinical examination of all bodily systems would help provide a complete view of a patient’s condition.   

Today, physicians use diagnostic tests and medical investigations to study a condition. These tests could be supplemented with tools like the ''Nidana Panchaka'' described here. For example, access to complete knowledge of dietary and lifestyle activities of a person, specific disease provoking factors, clinical history or health records of past diseases or conditions, and a thorough clinical examination of all bodily systems would help provide a complete view of a patient’s condition.   

Depending upon the etiological factors, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurveda Ayurveda] prescribes one of two types of therapies – spiritual and rational. A specific rational treatment of ''jwara'' could involve the use of processed ghee (clarified butter) with suitable drugs in a chronic fever is to alleviate all the three ''doshas''.

Depending upon the etiological factors, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurveda Ayurveda] prescribes one of two types of therapies – spiritual and rational. A specific rational treatment of ''jwara'' could involve the use of processed ghee (clarified butter) with suitable drugs in a chronic fever is to alleviate all the three ''doshas''.

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===Sanskrit Text, Transliteration and English Translation===

===Sanskrit Text, Transliteration and English Translation===