Changes

Thus ends the second chapter titled [[Atulyagotriya Sharira]] in [[Sharira Sthana]], composed by Agnivesha and redacted by Charaka.

Thus ends the second chapter titled [[Atulyagotriya Sharira]] in [[Sharira Sthana]], composed by Agnivesha and redacted by Charaka.

=== Tattva Vimarsha ===

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===

• The prerequisites of a healthy conception includethe clan (gotra) of male, ovulatory period (rajah-kṣayānte), psychic component (rahovisr̥ṣṭa), posture during coitus (mithuna) and shukra. The expectant couples have to be very conscious of these facts to achieve a healthy embryo.

*The prerequisites of a healthy conception includethe clan (''gotra'') of male, ovulatory period (''rajah-kshayante''), psychic component (''rahovisrishta''), posture during coitus (''mithuna'') and ''shukra''. The expectant couples have to be very conscious of these facts to achieve a healthy embryo.

• The word shukra denotes different components in both male and female. In a broad sense, it could mean the whole semen, sperm, ovum and sex hormones. Here it refers to sperm, also called sukṣma-bīja(CK on CS.Sa.2/3).  

*The word ''shukra'' denotes different components in both male and female. In a broad sense, it could mean the whole semen, sperm, ovum and sex hormones. Here it refers to sperm, also called ''sukshma-beeja'' (CK on CS.Sa.2/3).  

• Consanguinous marriages have been practiced since long. Since such unions increase the chances of genetic disorders in the offsprings, sages forbade it. LordAtreya advised against consanguinous marriages, as indicated in Charaka Samhita.

*Consanguineous marriages have been practiced since long. Since such unions increase the chances of genetic disorders in the offspring, sages forbade it. Lord Atreya advised against consanguineous marriages, as indicated in [[Charaka Samhita]].

• Shukra has four mahabhuta before fertilization and fifth (akasha) joins after fertilization.

*''Shukra'' has four ''mahabhuta'' before fertilization and fifth (''akasha'') joins after fertilization.

• Requirement for normal healthy birth: Shukra (sperm), asrik (ovum), aatma (soul), garbhayashaya sampat (healthy uterus), kalasampat (suitable time for conception),wholesome food and good antenatal care.

*Requirement for normal healthy birth: ''Shukra'' (sperm), ''asrik'' (ovum), ''atma'' (soul), ''garbhayashaya sampat'' (healthy uterus), ''kalasampat'' (suitable time for conception),wholesome food and good antenatal care.

• Reasons for delayed conception in a fertile woman: Abnormal uterus and vagina, psychiatric illness, abnormal sperm and ovum, unwholesome diet, faulty lifestyle, wrong timing of intercourse and loss of physical strength.

*Reasons for delayed conception in a fertile woman: Abnormal uterus and vagina, psychiatric illness, abnormal sperm and ovum, unwholesome diet, faulty lifestyle, wrong timing of intercourse and loss of physical strength.

• Reasons for abortion: Affliction by evil spirits.

*Reasons for abortion: Affliction by evil spirits.

• Reasons for multiple pregnancies (twins, etc), differences in physique & other characteristics of twins: Improper division of the zygote by vayu  

*Reasons for multiple pregnancies (twins, etc.), differences in physique and other characteristics of twins: Improper division of the zygote by ''vayu''

• Reasons for congenital defects/sexual disorders: Primarily vitiated vayu- but the reason behind vitiation is past deeds

*Reasons for congenital defects/sexual disorders: Primarily vitiated ''vayu''- but the reason behind vitiation is past deeds

• Three causes of diseases: Intellectual errors, unbalanced use of sense organs and temporal effects

*Three causes of diseases: Intellectual errors, unbalanced use of sense organs and temporal effects

=== Vidhi Vimarsha ===

=== Vidhi Vimarsha ===