Talk:Dosha - Revision history

Aniket at 08:24, 24 January 2021

2021-01-24T08:24:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:24, 24 January 2021
Line 129:		Line 129:
	\|}		\|}
	Charak Samhita[2] Sushrut Samhita[3] Ashtanga Hridaya[4] Kashyap Samhita[5] Sharangdhara Samhita[6]		Charak Samhita[2] Sushrut Samhita[3] Ashtanga Hridaya[4] Kashyap Samhita[5] Sharangdhara Samhita[6]

			== Primary centers of dosha ==

			These are omnipresent throughout the body. However, their primary centres are located in below umbilicus (vata dosha), between umbilicus and cardiac region (pitta dosha) and above cardiac region (kapha dosha). [A. Hr. Sutra Sthana 1/7]
			More specifically, vata dosha regulates the functions in the regions of large intestine (pakvashaya), lumbar region (kati), thighs (sakthi), ears (shrotra), bones (asthi) and skin (sparshanendriay). Pitta dosha regulates functions in umbilicus (nabhi), stomach (amashaya), sweat glands (sweda), lymphatics (lasika), blood (rudhira), nutrient fluids (rasa), eyes(drik), and skin (sparshana). Kapha dosha regulates functions in chest, throat, head (shira), all joints (parva), stomach(amashaya), nutrient fluids (rasa), adipose tissue (meda), nose (ghrana) and tongue(jivha). [A.Hr.Sutra Sthana 12/1-3]

			== Affinity of vitiation ==

			Dosha primarily vitiate their own sites of body constituents (dhatu and mala). The vata dosha resides in and vitiates bones (asthi); pitta dosha vitiates sweat (sweda) and blood (rakta dhatu). Kapha dosha affects all remaining body constituents like nutrient fluids (rasa dhatu), muscle tissue (mamsa dhatu), adipose tissue (meda dhatu), bone marrow(majja), reproductive constituents (shukra dhatu), urine (mutra) and stools (purisha). [A.Hr. Sutra Sthana 11/26]
			These sites are important in diagnosis of origin of disease pathology, site of lesion, and target oriented treatments.

			== Importance of dosha ==

			Dosha are the fundamental principles of body that are responsible for every physiological as well as pathological events in the body. [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 15/3, A.sa. Sutra Sthana 16, A.Hr.Sutra Sthana 11] Dosha form the fundamental body constitution (prakriti), play vital role in digestion and metabolism (agni), preserve and maintain health while in state of equilibrium.

			=== Body constitution or phenotype (dosha prakriti) ===
			The body constitution (prakriti) of a person is based upon the relative proportions of the three dosha. The equilibrium or dominance of dosha at the time of formation of embryo determines the body constitution (deha prakriti). [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 7/40] This proportion is further modulated by the diet and lifestyle of mother, age, and the environment in which the person grows to generate the unique dosha-prakriti of the individual. The individual shows characteristic features of respective dominant dosha in prakriti. It is very similar to the phenotype in modern biology. Thus, the current genetic paradigms believe that the phenotype of individual results from interaction between genotype (established at fertilization) and the environment, which includes epigenetic changes resulting from parental age, diet, lifestyle, and other environmental factors. Genomic variations with the classification of prakriti are studied. It is observed that PGM1 correlates with phenotype of pitta prakriti. This suggests that the phenotypic classification has a genetic basis; and its prakriti-based practice resonates with personalized medicine. The relation between clinical phenotype and predisposition of disease is studied. The study was carried out on the association of Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C with type 2 diabetes and prakriti. An extremely strong association between prakriti (kaphaja/kapha-pittaja) and type 2 diabetes (P < 0.00001) was detected in this study.
			Studies have shown that Ayurvedic body type classification may be associated with genes of inflammation and oxidative stress factors, the rate of DNA methylation and development of cardiovascular diseases.

			=== Influence of dosha on digestion (agni) and gut (koshtha) ===
			The dominant dosha influences the biological processes of digestion and metabolism. It also affects the gut functions (koshtha). The digestion and gut patterns are classified into three categories based on the dominance of dosha as shown in table below.

			'''Table 2: Influence of dosha on digestion and gut pattern [9]'''
			{\| class="wikitable"
			! Sr.No''' !! ''Dosha''!! ''Agni (digestion pattern)''!! ''Koshtha (gut pattern)''!! ''Clinical picture''!!
			\|-
			! rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| 1
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Vata
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Irregular digestion (Vishama agni)
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Hard bowel (Krura koshta)
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Irregular digestion, hard stools, constipation, inhibited intestinal motility, discomfort in defecation and abdominal pressure
			\|-
			! rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| 2
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Pitta
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Fast digestion (Tikshna agni)
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Soft bowel (Mrudu koshta)
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Fast digestion, increased sensitivity of intestinal mucosa, loose motions, frequent defecation
			\|-
			! rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| 3
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Kapha
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Slow digestion (Manda agni)
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Medium (not too soft, not too hard) bowel (Madhyam koshta)
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Slow and sluggish digestion, semi solid, soft consistency of stool, defecation with ease
			\|-
			\|}

			=== Pathological importance ===

			The dosha are the factors that get vitiated themselves in the initial stage of the disease. Further, they vitiate other body constituents (dhatu and mala). Therefore, the disequilibrium of dosha is a primary and fundamental cause of any disease. [Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana 21/3]

			== Factors influencing dosha in body ==

			=== Diet and lifestyle ===

			The diet dominant in similar properties of dosha increases the proportion of dosha in the body. The diet which is opposite to the properties of dosha decreases the proportion of dosha. Therefore, the diet which maintains the equilibrium state of dosha in the body is advised for the preservation of health. The following table shows specific tastes and potencies that influences the dosha.

Aniket at 08:13, 24 January 2021

2021-01-24T08:13:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:13, 24 January 2021
Line 115:		Line 115:
	\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Sweet (madhura) in taste		\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Sweet (madhura) in taste
	\|-		\|-
	! rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \|		! rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| 9
	\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \|		\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Psychological co-relate
	\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \|		\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Rajas
	\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \|		\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Sattva
	\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \|		\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Tamas
	\|-		\|-
			! rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| 10
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Other properties
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Cleansing or Non-slimy (vishad), Severely acting (daruna)[5], conducive (yogavahi) [6], Can move oblique or in any direction (tiryag gami), responsible for sound (shabda) and touch(sparsha) perception [6]
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Foul smelling (vistra)
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| --
			\|-
			\|}
			Charak Samhita[2] Sushrut Samhita[3] Ashtanga Hridaya[4] Kashyap Samhita[5] Sharangdhara Samhita[6]

Aniket at 07:59, 24 January 2021

2021-01-24T07:59:26Z

Show changes

Aniket at 07:36, 24 January 2021

2021-01-24T07:36:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:36, 24 January 2021
Line 10:		Line 10:

	\|label2 = Authors		\|label2 = Authors
	\|data2 = ~~Shilwant A~~.A.<sup>1</sup>,		\|data2 = Deole Y.S.<sup>1</sup>,
	~~Deole Y~~.S.<sup>2</sup>		Shilwant A.A.<sup>2</sup>

	\|label3 = Reviewed by		\|label3 = Reviewed by
Line 17:		Line 17:

	\|label4 = Affiliations		\|label4 = Affiliations
	\|data4 = <sup>1~~</sup>Department of Kriya Sharir, G.J.Patel Institute of Ayurvedic Studies and Research, New Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, India~~		\|data4 = <sup>1</sup>[[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre]], I.P.G.T.& R.A., Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
	~~<sup>2~~</sup>[[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre]], I.P.G.T.& R.A., Jamnagar, Gujarat, India		<sup>2</sup>Department of Kriya Sharir, G.J.Patel Institute of Ayurvedic Studies and Research, New Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, India

	\|label5 = Correspondence email:		\|label5 = Correspondence email:
Line 29:		Line 29:
	}}		}}

	~~{{Infobox~~
	~~\|title = [[Dosha]]~~
	~~\|header1 = Subtypes~~

	~~\|label2 = Sharirik Dosha~~
	~~\|data2 = [[Vata]], [[Pitta]], [[Kapha]]~~

	~~\|label3 = Manasik Dosha~~
	~~\|data3 = [[Raja]], [[Tama]]~~

	~~\|label4 = Vata~~
	~~\|data4 = [[Prana]], [[Udana]], [[Vyana]], [[Samana]], [[Apana]]~~

	~~\|label5 = Pitta~~
	~~\|data5 = [[Pachaka]], [[Ranjaka]], [[Sadhaka]], [[Alochaka]], [[Bhrajaka]]~~

	~~\|label6 = Kapha~~
	~~\|data6 = [[Avalambaka]], [[Kledaka]], [[Shleshaka]], [[Bodhaka]], [[Tarpaka]]~~
	}}

	==Dosha==		==Dosha==
	<div style = "text-align:justify;"> ~~Dosha[https://en~~.~~wikipedia~~.~~org/wiki/Dosha]~~are the ~~biological humor~~[~~https://en~~.~~wikipedia~~.~~org~~/~~wiki/Humorism~~] ~~manifesting there presence in living body by performing various activities~~, ~~processes~~, ~~functions~~ and ~~mechanics~~. ~~These dosha~~ are ~~judged by~~ the ~~virtue~~ of ~~their respective functions assorted throughout the body. These functions are coined on the name~~ of ~~Dosha are due to~~ the ~~attributes~~ - ~~Guna~~[~~https:~~/~~/en~~.~~wikipedia~~.~~org~~/~~wiki/Gu%E1%B9%87a~~] ~~possessed by them~~. ~~Every activity happening every now and then inside~~ the ~~body is totally governed by~~ and ~~is under~~ the ~~influence of~~ dosha.		<div style = "text-align:justify;"> The word ‘Dosha’ literally means impurities or morbidities. In Ayurveda, dosha are the governing principles of physiology and psychology. They are the primary and essential constitutional factors of the human organism. They maintain the integrity of the human body. [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 21/23] The three dosha at physical level, vata, pitta, and kapha, vitiate different body tissues and can lead to diseases in disequilibrium state. [SAT-B.382] [1] They are the actual intrinsic factors which become excited and imbalanced, either conferring a predisposition to or actually causing morbidities disease (vyadhi). Their state of equilibrium is one of the important pre-requisite for disease free state (arogya) [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 9/4] and health [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 15/48]. The dosha have been correlated with systems theory in the field of physics, providing a sound theoretical basis for this Ayurvedic concept, and research utilizing a biostatistical approach to quantify the dosha reveals a sound empirical basis as well. Being the units of microcosm in body, the three dosha, kapha, pitta and vata, maintain integrity of the organism by creating, assimilating and diffusing strength in the same way as the Moon (soma), Sun(surya) and Air (anila), maintain integrity of the macrocosm respectively. [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 21/8]
	~~The~~ three dosha ~~theory (Vata~~, ~~Pitta~~, and ~~Kapha) since its inception from a long time ago was established keeping the functional similarity~~ of ~~similar components governing~~ the ~~eco-system viz. Sun~~, Moon, and ~~Wind~~. [~~[Ayurveda~~]~~] proposes this as a "Loka-Purush Samya Siddhanta"~~

	===Etymological meaning===		===Etymological meaning===

Agnivesha at 12:50, 16 January 2021

2021-01-16T12:50:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:50, 16 January 2021
Line 504:		Line 504:
	Tridosha are the working biophysical entities influencing almost every physiological activity within the body. Dosha also affect the status of Jatharagni thereby altering the digestive capabilities of Agni. It is due to the dominancy of a group of properties of any of the Dosha. It is mentioned below -		Tridosha are the working biophysical entities influencing almost every physiological activity within the body. Dosha also affect the status of Jatharagni thereby altering the digestive capabilities of Agni. It is due to the dominancy of a group of properties of any of the Dosha. It is mentioned below -

	'''Table 10: Interrelation between Dosha and Agni'''<ref>Kashinath Shastri. Charak Samhita. Chikitsa Sthan. Grahani Chikitsa Adhyay. Reprint 2007. URL.http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com~~/mediawiki-1.32.1~~/index.php?title=Grahani_Chikitsa_Adhyaya </ref>		'''Table 10: Interrelation between Dosha and Agni'''<ref>Kashinath Shastri. Charak Samhita. Chikitsa Sthan. Grahani Chikitsa Adhyay. Reprint 2007. URL.http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/index.php?title=Grahani_Chikitsa_Adhyaya </ref>
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	! Sr.No''' !! ''Dosha''!! ''Type of Agni''!! ''Clinical picture''		! Sr.No''' !! ''Dosha''!! ''Type of Agni''!! ''Clinical picture''
Line 555:		Line 555:
	Vata, Pitta, Kapha in their normal limits, while circulating throughout the whole body governs all the activities of the body in terms of rate, rhythm, pace, regulation, secretion, acceleration, suppression, movements, tissue cycle viability, and many more.		Vata, Pitta, Kapha in their normal limits, while circulating throughout the whole body governs all the activities of the body in terms of rate, rhythm, pace, regulation, secretion, acceleration, suppression, movements, tissue cycle viability, and many more.

	The same dosha due to the influence of substantial etiological factors may undergo rise or downfall thereby ready to create unwholesome effects in the body while the same in their normalcy are responsible for wholesome actions. The overall wholesome effects of Dosha being in their normal limits are reflected in terms of – Upchaya (proper growth and development of organs), Bala (strength, vigor), Varna (skin complexion), Prasannata (inner blissful state of the psyche).<ref>Kashinath Shastri. Charak Samhita. Sutra Sthan. Maharoga Adhyay. Reprint 2007. URL. http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com~~/mediawiki-1.32.1~~/index.php?title=Maharoga_Adhyaya </ref>		The same dosha due to the influence of substantial etiological factors may undergo rise or downfall thereby ready to create unwholesome effects in the body while the same in their normalcy are responsible for wholesome actions. The overall wholesome effects of Dosha being in their normal limits are reflected in terms of – Upchaya (proper growth and development of organs), Bala (strength, vigor), Varna (skin complexion), Prasannata (inner blissful state of the psyche).<ref>Kashinath Shastri. Charak Samhita. Sutra Sthan. Maharoga Adhyay. Reprint 2007. URL. http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/index.php?title=Maharoga_Adhyaya </ref>
	Vata, Pitta, Kapha are responsible to control a specific group of actions or functions.		Vata, Pitta, Kapha are responsible to control a specific group of actions or functions.

Line 650:		Line 650:
	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}
	Substances for internal therapeutic uses <ref>Kashinath Shastri. Charak Samhita. Sutra Sthan. Yajjah Purushiya Adhyay. Reprint 2007. URL. http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com~~/mediawiki-1.32.1~~/index.php?title=Yajjah_Purushiya_Adhyaya. </ref>-		Substances for internal therapeutic uses <ref>Kashinath Shastri. Charak Samhita. Sutra Sthan. Yajjah Purushiya Adhyay. Reprint 2007. URL. http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/index.php?title=Yajjah_Purushiya_Adhyaya. </ref>-
	# '''Honey (madhu)''': Alleviates Kapha and Pitta		# '''Honey (madhu)''': Alleviates Kapha and Pitta
	# '''Ghee (ghrita)''': Alleviates Vata and Pitta		# '''Ghee (ghrita)''': Alleviates Vata and Pitta

Agnivesha: /* Definition */

2020-11-09T09:35:41Z

Definition

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:35, 9 November 2020
Line 61:		Line 61:

	However, the term dosha is popularized by the tendency of them to create pathology by deviation in the normal functioning of the body.		However, the term dosha is popularized by the tendency of them to create pathology by deviation in the normal functioning of the body.
	At the physical level, there are three ~~Sharirik~~ dosha namely - Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. At the psychological level, there are ~~only~~ two ~~Mansik~~ dosha namely - ~~Raja~~ and ~~Tama~~. ~~<ref>Kashinath Shastri~~. ~~Charak Samhita~~. Sutra ~~Sthan. Deerghanjivitiya. Reprint 2007. Pg. No. 25. URL. http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/mediawiki-~~1~~.32.1/index.php?title=Deerghanjiviteeya_Adhyaya. <~~/~~ref>~~		At the physical level, there are three dosha namely - [[Vata]], [[Pitta]], and [[Kapha]]. At the psychological level, there are two dosha namely - [[Rajas]] and [[Tamas]]. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 1/ 57]
	The tridosha can be stated as -		The tridosha can be stated as -
	#Vata - Principle factor for any type of movement, initiation, interest, locomotion.		#Vata - Principle factor for any type of movement, initiation, interest, locomotion.
	#Pitta - Factor responsible for metabolism, heat, transduction, ~~biotransformations~~.		#Pitta - Factor responsible for metabolism, heat, transduction, biotransformation.
	#Kapha - Factor responsible for strength, vigor, retention, moisture, stability.		#Kapha - Factor responsible for strength, vigor, retention, moisture, stability.

Aniket at 04:19, 2 November 2020

2020-11-02T04:19:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:19, 2 November 2020
Line 397:		Line 397:
	#Kapha dosha - Prithvi and Jala		#Kapha dosha - Prithvi and Jala

	=== Interrelation between Dosha and Dhatu ~~<ref>Kaviraj Atridev Gupta. Ashtang Hridaya. Sutra Sthan. Doshadi Vijyaniya Adhyay. Reprint 2008.</ref>~~ ===		=== Interrelation between Dosha and Dhatu ===
	It is the mutual interdependence relation between Ashraya (one who allows to get lodge the other one) and Ashrayee (one who lodges, accumulates). Dosha generally circulates throughout the body and finds a space - Kha vaigunya, to get stagnate, lodge, accumulate thereby favoring the roots for physio-pathogenesis.		It is the mutual interdependence relation between Ashraya (one who allows to get lodge the other one) and Ashrayee (one who lodges, accumulates). Dosha generally circulates throughout the body and finds a space - Kha vaigunya, to get stagnate, lodge, accumulate thereby favoring the roots for physio-pathogenesis.
	It is shown in the table below -		It is shown in the table below -

	'''Table 7: Interrelation between Dosha and Dushya'''		'''Table 7: Interrelation between Dosha and Dushya'''<ref>Kaviraj Atridev Gupta. Ashtang Hridaya. Sutra Sthan. Doshadi Vijyaniya Adhyay. Reprint 2008.</ref>

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
Line 500:		Line 500:
	\|}		\|}

	=== Influence of Dosha on Agni ~~<ref>Kashinath Shastri. Charak Samhita. Chikitsa Sthan. Grahani Chikitsa Adhyay. Reprint 2007. URL.http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/mediawiki-1.32.1/index.php?title=Grahani_Chikitsa_Adhyaya </ref>~~ ===		=== Influence of Dosha on Agni ===

	Tridosha are the working biophysical entities influencing almost every physiological activity within the body. Dosha also affect the status of Jatharagni thereby altering the digestive capabilities of Agni. It is due to the dominancy of a group of properties of any of the Dosha. It is mentioned below -		Tridosha are the working biophysical entities influencing almost every physiological activity within the body. Dosha also affect the status of Jatharagni thereby altering the digestive capabilities of Agni. It is due to the dominancy of a group of properties of any of the Dosha. It is mentioned below -

	'''Table 10: Interrelation between Dosha and Agni'''		'''Table 10: Interrelation between Dosha and Agni'''<ref>Kashinath Shastri. Charak Samhita. Chikitsa Sthan. Grahani Chikitsa Adhyay. Reprint 2007. URL.http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/mediawiki-1.32.1/index.php?title=Grahani_Chikitsa_Adhyaya </ref>
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	! Sr.No''' !! ''Dosha''!! ''Type of Agni''!! ''Clinical picture''		! Sr.No''' !! ''Dosha''!! ''Type of Agni''!! ''Clinical picture''

Aniket at 07:03, 31 October 2020

2020-10-31T07:03:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:03, 31 October 2020
Line 2:		Line 2:

	Dosha are the physiological factors responsible for functions in normal state and pathogenesis of diseases in an abnormal state. Their state of equilibrium is one of the important pre-requisite for health.		Dosha are the physiological factors responsible for functions in normal state and pathogenesis of diseases in an abnormal state. Their state of equilibrium is one of the important pre-requisite for health.

			{{Infobox
			\|title = Contributors

			\|label1 = Section/Chapter/topic
			\|data1 = [[Sharira]] / [[Dosha]] / Dosha

			\|label2 = Authors
			\|data2 = Shilwant A.A.<sup>1</sup>,
			Deole Y.S.<sup>2</sup>

			\|label3 = Reviewed by
			\|data3 = Basisht G.<sup>1</sup>

			\|label4 = Affiliations
			\|data4 = <sup>1</sup>Department of Kriya Sharir, G.J.Patel Institute of Ayurvedic Studies and Research, New Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, India
			<sup>2</sup>[[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre]], I.P.G.T.& R.A., Jamnagar, Gujarat, India

			\|label5 = Correspondence email:
			\|data5 = carakasamhita@gmail.com

			\|label6 = Date of first publication:
			\|data6 = ????
			\|label7 = DOI
			\|data7 =
			}}

	{{Infobox		{{Infobox

Aniket at 06:57, 31 October 2020

2020-10-31T06:57:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:57, 31 October 2020
Line 1:		Line 1:
			Dosha are regulatory functional factors of body and mind. These are principal constituents of the body that are responsible for homeostasis, when present in the state of equilibrium. Dosha also determines the psycho-physiological nature/constitution of an individual. Dosha are capable of vitiating the different bodily tissues, when deviating from the state of equilibrium and can lead to diseases. [Code: SAT-B.382] <ref>National AYUSH Morbidity and Standardized Terminologies Electronic Portal by Ministry of AYUSH Available on http://namstp.ayush.gov.in/#/sat</ref>

	Dosha are the physiological factors responsible for functions in normal state and pathogenesis of diseases in an abnormal state. Their state of equilibrium is one of the important pre-requisite for health.		Dosha are the physiological factors responsible for functions in normal state and pathogenesis of diseases in an abnormal state. Their state of equilibrium is one of the important pre-requisite for health.

Aniket at 06:55, 31 October 2020

2020-10-31T06:55:48Z

Show changes

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:13, 24 January 2021
Line 115:		Line 115:
	\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Sweet (madhura) in taste		\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Sweet (madhura) in taste
	\|-		\|-
	! rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \|		! rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| 9
	\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \|		\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Psychological co-relate
	\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \|		\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Rajas
	\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \|		\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Sattva
	\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \|		\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Tamas
	\|-		\|-
			! rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| 10
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Other properties
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Cleansing or Non-slimy (vishad), Severely acting (daruna)[5], conducive (yogavahi) [6], Can move oblique or in any direction (tiryag gami), responsible for sound (shabda) and touch(sparsha) perception [6]
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| Foul smelling (vistra)
			\| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" \| --
			\|-
			\|}
			Charak Samhita[2] Sushrut Samhita[3] Ashtanga Hridaya[4] Kashyap Samhita[5] Sharangdhara Samhita[6]