Sudha Kalpa Adhyaya - Revision history

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	\|label9 = Year of publication		\|label9 = Year of publication
	\|data9 = 2020		\|data9 = 2020

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	<big>'''[[Kalpa Sthana]] Chapter 10.Pharmaceutical preparations of Sudha'''</big>		<big>'''[[Kalpa Sthana]] Chapter 10.Pharmaceutical preparations of Sudha'''</big>
	{{Infobox		{{Infobox
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	<big>'''Abstract '''</big>		<big>'''Abstract '''</big>
	<~~div~~ style="text-align:justify;">		<p style="text-align:justify;">This chapter deals with the preparations of ''sudha'' for the purpose of [[virechana]] (therapeutic purgation). ''Sudha'' is a strong purgative in comparison to all other drugs discussed in previous chapters. The chapter includes synonyms of ''sudha'', its therapeutic utility, varieties, limitations for the usage, methods of collection, purification, preparation and administration of ''sudha ksheera'' and other recipes viz ''vati'' (tablets), ''leha'' (linctus) etc. along with total twenty different formulations of the same drug to suit different needs of the physician. Even though it is contraindicated for ''mridukoshthi'' (sensitive to mild laxatives) its usage has been advised here by altering its form to reduce its untoward effect which is a novel approach. </p>
	This chapter deals with the preparations of ''sudha'' for the purpose of [[virechana]] (therapeutic purgation). ''Sudha'' is a strong purgative in comparison to all other drugs discussed in previous chapters. The chapter includes synonyms of ''sudha'', its therapeutic utility, varieties, limitations for the usage, methods of collection, purification, preparation and administration of ''sudha ksheera'' and other recipes viz ''vati'' (tablets), ''leha'' (linctus) etc. along with total twenty different formulations of the same drug to suit different needs of the physician. Even though it is contraindicated for ''mridukoshthi'' (sensitive to mild laxatives) its usage has been advised here by altering its form to reduce its untoward effect which is a novel approach.

	'''Keywords''': Sudha, [[Virechana]], therapeutic purgation, Eurphobia neriifolia Linn., ''Ksheera'' (latex).		'''Keywords''': Sudha, [[Virechana]], therapeutic purgation, Eurphobia neriifolia Linn., ''Ksheera'' (latex).
	~~</div>~~

	== Introduction ==		== Introduction ==

Agnivesha at 06:51, 20 September 2022

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	{{#seo:		{{#seo:
	\|title=Sudha Kalpa Adhyaya		\|title=Sudha Kalpa Adhyaya

Eganeesh: /* Ayurvedic pharmacological uses */

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Ayurvedic pharmacological uses

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	Many a times it becomes difficult to preserve the fresh drug for the longer duration, in such cases, drug is used as ''avaleha'' (linctus) or ''arishta'' (medicated liquor) which can be stored for use later. In this form drug is palatable and is easily taken by the individual.[18-,19]With addition of ''kashaya'' of ''dashamoola, kulattha, yava, shyamadi ghrita'' may be taken.[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 8/13] Three recipes of ''sudha'' according to their use with three different adjuvants can be given. Drug is mixed with either vegetable or meat juice or with ghee and given. Those who are completely non vegetarian, drug can be either given with fish or dry meat. It can be given as either ''ghrita''(ghee) or ''sura''(alcohol) form. ''Ghrita'' is taken with juice of ''amalaki'' as adjuvant which helps in better absorption of the drug.<ref> Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakasha, edited by K R Shrikantha Murthy,? ed., Varanasi:Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, 2009,p.no 580</ref>[ 19-20]		Many a times it becomes difficult to preserve the fresh drug for the longer duration, in such cases, drug is used as ''avaleha'' (linctus) or ''arishta'' (medicated liquor) which can be stored for use later. In this form drug is palatable and is easily taken by the individual.[18-,19]With addition of ''kashaya'' of ''dashamoola, kulattha, yava, shyamadi ghrita'' may be taken.[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 8/13] Three recipes of ''sudha'' according to their use with three different adjuvants can be given. Drug is mixed with either vegetable or meat juice or with ghee and given. Those who are completely non vegetarian, drug can be either given with fish or dry meat. It can be given as either ''ghrita''(ghee) or ''sura''(alcohol) form. ''Ghrita'' is taken with juice of ''amalaki'' as adjuvant which helps in better absorption of the drug.<ref> Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakasha, edited by K R Shrikantha Murthy,? ed., Varanasi:Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, 2009,p.no 580</ref>[ 19-20]

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	== References ==		== References ==

Anaghas at 06:58, 24 July 2021

2021-07-24T06:58:26Z

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2021-01-16T12:29:24Z

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	\|keywords=Sudha, Virechana, therapeutic purgation, Eurphobia neriifolia Linn., Ksheera (latex), Ayurveda, Indian system of medicine, charak samhita.		\|keywords=Sudha, Virechana, therapeutic purgation, Eurphobia neriifolia Linn., Ksheera (latex), Ayurveda, Indian system of medicine, charak samhita.
	\|description=Kalpa Sthana Chapter 10.Pharmaceutical preparations of Sudha		\|description=Kalpa Sthana Chapter 10.Pharmaceutical preparations of Sudha
	\|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com~~/mediawiki-1.32.1~~/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg		\|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg
	\|image_alt=charak samhita		\|image_alt=charak samhita
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Agnivesha at 14:09, 9 October 2020

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	\|label7 = Reviewer		\|label7 = Reviewer
	\|data7 = Sawant B. , Nishteswar K.		\|data7 = Sawant B. , Nishteswar K.
	\|label8 = ~~Editor~~		\|label8 = Editors
	\|data8 = Nishteswar K., Sawant B.		\|data8 = Nishteswar K., Sawant B., Deole Y.S., Basisht G.
	\|label9 = ~~Date~~ of publication		\|label9 = Year of publication
	\|data9 = ~~December 17, 2018~~		\|data9 = 2020
	\|label10 = ~~DOI~~		\|label10 = Publisher
	\|data10 = [https://doi.org/10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s07.011 10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s07.011]		\|data10 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
	~~\|header3 =~~		\|label11 = DOI
			\|data11 = [https://doi.org/10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s07.011 10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s07.011]
	}}		}}
	<big>'''Abstract '''</big>		<big>'''Abstract '''</big>

Agnivesha at 19:08, 1 October 2020

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	\|data10 =		\|data10 = [https://doi.org/10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s07.011 10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s07.011]
	\|header3 =		\|header3 =

Anaghas: /* Ayurvedic pharmacological uses */

2020-09-24T12:16:50Z

Ayurvedic pharmacological uses

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	In ''Rajanighantu'' few more synonyms are mentioned like ''vatari'' (overcomes ''vata'' ), ''bhadra''( auspicious), ''vyaghranakha'' (sharp in its action), ''netrari'' (harmful to eyes) and ''dandavrikshaka'' (small tree). A variety of ''snuhi'' i.e. ''tridhara'' is said to be useful in ''rasasiddhi''.<ref>Indradev Tripathi, Rajanighantu of Pt Narahari, Chaukhmbha Orientalia 4th Edition,2006,p.no 272</ref>		In ''Rajanighantu'' few more synonyms are mentioned like ''vatari'' (overcomes ''vata'' ), ''bhadra''( auspicious), ''vyaghranakha'' (sharp in its action), ''netrari'' (harmful to eyes) and ''dandavrikshaka'' (small tree). A variety of ''snuhi'' i.e. ''tridhara'' is said to be useful in ''rasasiddhi''.<ref>Indradev Tripathi, Rajanighantu of Pt Narahari, Chaukhmbha Orientalia 4th Edition,2006,p.no 272</ref>

	Ghee prepared with ''snuhi'' latex is useful in ''gulma, udara'' and ''garavisha''.[Cha.Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 13/138].		Ghee prepared with ''snuhi'' latex is useful in ''gulma, udara'' and ''garavisha''.[Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/138].

	In ''arsha, alepa'' (paste) of ''snuhi'' latex with powder of turmeric is done.~~(Ch~~. ~~Chi~~. 14/52-57~~)(Su~~. ~~Chi~~. 6/12).~~<ref>R K Sharma~~, ~~Bhagwan Das,Agnivesha, Charaka~~ Samhita~~, Vol III,~~ Chaukhambha ~~Sanskrit Series,2009, P~~.~~No 593~~</ref>		In ''arsha, alepa'' (paste) of ''snuhi'' latex with powder of turmeric is done.[Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/52-57].<ref>Sushruta. Chikitsa Sthana, Cha.6 Arhaschikitsitam Adhyaya verse 12. In: Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya, Editors. Sushruta Samhita. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005. p.1.</ref>

	In ''shwitra'' (leucoderma) ''bhallataka'' (Semecarpus anacardium) is immersed in cow’s urine for 3 days dried in the shade and made into paste with ''snuhi'' latex and applied to the affected part.~~(As~~. ~~Hri. Chi~~. 20/11).~~<ref>~~		In ''shwitra'' (leucoderma) ''bhallataka'' (Semecarpus anacardium) is immersed in cow’s urine for 3 days dried in the shade and made into paste with ''snuhi'' latex and applied to the affected part.<ref>Vagbhata. Chikitsa Sthana, Cha.20 Shwitrakrumi Chikitsitam Adhyaya verse 11. In: Harishastri Paradkar Vaidya, Editors. Ashtanga Hridayam. 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy;2000.p.4.</ref>
	~~K R Shrikantha Murthy~~, ~~Vagbhathas~~ Ashtanga ~~Hridaya, Vol II,Chaukhambha~~ Krishnadas Academy~~, Varanasi,2009,~~ p.~~no 82~~</ref>

	In ''udararoga'', ghee prepared with ''dadhimanda'' is administered. ~~(Ch~~. ~~Chi~~. 13/141).~~<ref>R K Sharma, Bhagwan Das,Agnivesha, Charaka Samhita, Vol III, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Series,2009, P.No 559</ref>~~		In ''udararoga'', ghee prepared with ''dadhimanda'' is administered. [Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/141].

	In ''vicharchika'' (eczema) – ''sarshapa'' (mustard plant) is made into a paste is concealed in ''snuhi'' plant which is cooked in the fire, is applied on eczema. The same has been explained in Chakradutta as grihadhoomadi lepa.<ref>~~P V Sharma~~, Chakradatta~~, Chaukhambha Orientalia,Varanasi, Edition 2007, p.no 394</ref>~~		In ''vicharchika'' (eczema) – ''sarshapa'' (mustard plant) is made into a paste is concealed in ''snuhi'' plant which is cooked in the fire, is applied on eczema. The same has been explained in Chakradutta as grihadhoomadi lepa.<ref> Chakrapanidatta, Chakradatta Edited by P V Sharma, Varanasi:Chaukhambha Orientalia , 2007, p.no 394</ref>
	~~Snehalavana prepared with snuhi is very much useful in vatavyadhi.<ref>~~
	~~Sushruta. Chikitsa Sthana, Cha.4 Vatavyadhi Chikitsitam Adhyaya verse 31. In: Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya, Editors. Sushruta Samhita. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005. p.1.</ref>~~
	~~To protect from masoorika snuhi studded with red flag should be placed in an earthen pot and placed in the house.<ref>Chakrapani, chapter 54, verse 48, In:~~P V Sharma,~~Editor, Chakradatta,? ed,~~ Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia, 2007, p.no ~~433~~</ref>

			Snehalavana prepared with snuhi is very much useful in vatavyadhi.<ref>Sushruta. Chikitsa Sthana, Cha.4 Vatavyadhi Chikitsitam Adhyaya verse 31. In: Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya, Editors. Sushruta Samhita. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005. p.1.</ref>
			To protect from masoorika snuhi studded with red flag should be placed in an earthen pot and placed in the house.<ref>Chakrapanidatta, chapter 54, verse 48, In:P V Sharma,Editor, Chakradatta,? ed, Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia, 2007, p.no 433</ref>

	''Snuhyadya taila'' is useful in baldness and hair loss.<ref>~~Chakrapani~~,Chakradatta edited by In:P V Sharma,? ed, Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia, 2007, p.no 433</ref>
			''Snuhyadya taila'' is useful in baldness and hair loss.<ref>Chakrapanidatta,Chakradatta edited by In:P V Sharma,? ed, Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia, 2007, p.no 433</ref>

	''Snuhi ksheera'' is considered to be toxic, thus it needs purification prior to its therapeutic usage. ''Bilvadi'' drugs reduce the severe intensity of the latex and help to bring out the necessary action. Thus purified latex is given with seven different adjuvants according to individuals and physicians need.[10-12½]		''Snuhi ksheera'' is considered to be toxic, thus it needs purification prior to its therapeutic usage. ''Bilvadi'' drugs reduce the severe intensity of the latex and help to bring out the necessary action. Thus purified latex is given with seven different adjuvants according to individuals and physicians need.[10-12½]

Anaghas: /* Ayurvedic pharmacological uses */

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Ayurvedic pharmacological uses

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	''Snuhi'' is being referred to as ''tikshnatama'' (strongest drastic) drug for inducing the purgation which suggests it has strong action and should be used cautiously. ''Snuhi'' can be used only when ''dosha'' accumulated is of large quantity where other drugs may not be effective. Even then it has been advised to use this drug carefully and is contraindicated in ''mridukoshtha'' (Laxed bowel). [3-4]		''Snuhi'' is being referred to as ''tikshnatama'' (strongest drastic) drug for inducing the purgation which suggests it has strong action and should be used cautiously. ''Snuhi'' can be used only when ''dosha'' accumulated is of large quantity where other drugs may not be effective. Even then it has been advised to use this drug carefully and is contraindicated in ''mridukoshtha'' (Laxed bowel). [3-4]

	Charaka in 5th Chapter of [[Chikitsa Sthana]] advises use of this drug along with ''trivrita'' (Operculina turpethum) in ''vata gulma'' along with honey and ghee as adjuvants.[ Cha. Sa.[ Chikitsa Sthana]] 5 /153] Apart from this those suffering from ''udara'' (ascitis) and has ''krurakoshta'' (hard bowel) leaves of ''snuhi'' are to be used as vegetable.		Charaka in 5th Chapter of [[Chikitsa Sthana]] advises use of this drug along with ''trivrita'' (Operculina turpethum) in ''vata gulma'' along with honey and ghee as adjuvants.[ Cha. Sa.[[ Chikitsa Sthana]] 5 /153] Apart from this those suffering from ''udara'' (ascitis) and has ''krurakoshta'' (hard bowel) leaves of ''snuhi'' are to be used as vegetable.

	''Snuhi'' is indicated in some of the chronic diseases like ''pandu, udara'' etc. Charaka advises ''kshara gutika'' in ''grahani'' which has ''snuhi ksheera'' in it. ''Tandula'' ( Rice) soaked with ''snuhi ksheera'' should be dried and given to persons suffering from ''udara'' in the form of ''peya''. ''Pippali'' should be given with 21 trituration of ''snuhi ksheera'' and may be administered to persons suffering from ''udara''.		''Snuhi'' is indicated in some of the chronic diseases like ''pandu, udara'' etc. Charaka advises ''kshara gutika'' in ''grahani'' which has ''snuhi ksheera'' in it. ''Tandula'' ( Rice) soaked with ''snuhi ksheera'' should be dried and given to persons suffering from ''udara'' in the form of ''peya''. ''Pippali'' should be given with 21 trituration of ''snuhi ksheera'' and may be administered to persons suffering from ''udara''.

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	<big>'''Abstract '''</big>		<big>'''Abstract '''</big>
	<div style="text-align:justify;">		<div style="text-align:justify;">
	This chapter deals with the preparations of ''sudha'' for the purpose of ''virechana'' (therapeutic purgation). ''Sudha'' is a strong purgative in comparison to all other drugs discussed in previous chapters. The chapter includes synonyms of ''sudha'', its therapeutic utility, varieties, limitations for the usage, methods of collection, purification, preparation and administration of ''sudha ksheera'' and other recipes viz ''vati'' (tablets), ''leha'' (linctus) etc. along with total twenty different formulations of the same drug to suit different needs of the physician. Even though it is contraindicated for ''mridukoshthi'' (sensitive to mild laxatives) its usage has been advised here by altering its form to reduce its untoward effect which is a novel approach.		This chapter deals with the preparations of ''sudha'' for the purpose of [[virechana]] (therapeutic purgation). ''Sudha'' is a strong purgative in comparison to all other drugs discussed in previous chapters. The chapter includes synonyms of ''sudha'', its therapeutic utility, varieties, limitations for the usage, methods of collection, purification, preparation and administration of ''sudha ksheera'' and other recipes viz ''vati'' (tablets), ''leha'' (linctus) etc. along with total twenty different formulations of the same drug to suit different needs of the physician. Even though it is contraindicated for ''mridukoshthi'' (sensitive to mild laxatives) its usage has been advised here by altering its form to reduce its untoward effect which is a novel approach.

	'''Keywords''': ''Sudha, Virechana,'' therapeutic purgation, Eurphobia neriifolia Linn., ''Ksheera'' (latex).		'''Keywords''': Sudha, [[Virechana]], therapeutic purgation, Eurphobia neriifolia Linn., ''Ksheera'' (latex).
	</div>		</div>

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	</div></div>		</div></div>

	~~'''Gunas~~ (qualities)~~'''~~: ''Tikshnatama''(strongest/drastic), among all purgative drugs ''snuhi'' is the drastic purgative. It disintegrates the accumulated impurities quickly.		[[Guna]] (qualities): ''Tikshnatama''(strongest/drastic), among all purgative drugs ''snuhi'' is the drastic purgative. It disintegrates the accumulated impurities quickly.

	Limitations/contraindications:		Limitations/contraindications:
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	=== Ayurvedic pharmacological uses ===		=== Ayurvedic pharmacological uses ===

	''Snuhi'' is being referred to as ''tikshnatama'' (strongest drastic) drug for inducing the purgation which suggests it has strong action and should be used cautiously. ''Snuhi'' can be used only when ''dosha'' accumulated is of large quantity where other drugs may not be effective. Even then it has been advised to use this drug carefully and is contraindicated in ''mridukoshtha'' (Laxed bowel). [3-4]		''Snuhi'' is being referred to as ''tikshnatama'' (strongest drastic) drug for inducing the purgation which suggests it has strong action and should be used cautiously. ''Snuhi'' can be used only when [[dosha]] accumulated is of large quantity where other drugs may not be effective. Even then it has been advised to use this drug carefully and is contraindicated in ''mridukoshtha'' (Laxed bowel). [3-4]

	Charaka in 5th Chapter of [[Chikitsa Sthana]] advises use of this drug along with ''trivrita'' (Operculina turpethum) in ''vata gulma'' along with honey and ghee as adjuvants.[ Cha. Sa.[[ Chikitsa Sthana]] 5 /153] Apart from this those suffering from ''udara'' (ascitis) and has ''krurakoshta'' (hard bowel) leaves of ''snuhi'' are to be used as vegetable.		Charaka in 5th Chapter of [[Chikitsa Sthana]] advises use of this drug along with ''trivrita'' (Operculina turpethum) in [[vata]] gulma along with honey and ghee as adjuvants.[ Cha. Sa.[[ Chikitsa Sthana]] 5 /153] Apart from this those suffering from ''udara'' (ascitis) and has ''krurakoshta'' (hard bowel) leaves of ''snuhi'' are to be used as vegetable.

	''Snuhi'' is indicated in some of the chronic diseases like ''pandu, udara'' etc. Charaka advises ''kshara gutika'' in ''grahani'' which has ''snuhi ksheera'' in it. ''Tandula'' ( Rice) soaked with ''snuhi ksheera'' should be dried and given to persons suffering from ''udara'' in the form of ''peya''. ''Pippali'' should be given with 21 trituration of ''snuhi ksheera'' and may be administered to persons suffering from ''udara''.		''Snuhi'' is indicated in some of the chronic diseases like ''pandu, udara'' etc. Charaka advises ''kshara gutika'' in ''grahani'' which has ''snuhi ksheera'' in it. ''Tandula'' ( Rice) soaked with ''snuhi ksheera'' should be dried and given to persons suffering from ''udara'' in the form of ''peya''. ''Pippali'' should be given with 21 trituration of ''snuhi ksheera'' and may be administered to persons suffering from ''udara''.
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	In ''Dhanwantari Nighantu'', it has been opined that ''snuhi'' is useful in ''visha'' (poisoning), ''adhmana'' (flatulence), ''gulma'' (tumor) and ''udara'' (ascitis).		In ''Dhanwantari Nighantu'', it has been opined that ''snuhi'' is useful in ''visha'' (poisoning), ''adhmana'' (flatulence), ''gulma'' (tumor) and ''udara'' (ascitis).

	In ''Rajanighantu'' few more synonyms are mentioned like ''vatari'' (overcomes ''vata'' ), ''bhadra''( auspicious), ''vyaghranakha'' (sharp in its action), ''netrari'' (harmful to eyes) and ''dandavrikshaka'' (small tree). A variety of ''snuhi'' i.e. ''tridhara'' is said to be useful in ''rasasiddhi''.<ref>Indradev Tripathi, Rajanighantu of Pt Narahari, Chaukhmbha Orientalia 4th Edition,2006,p.no 272</ref>		In ''Rajanighantu'' few more synonyms are mentioned like ''vatari'' (overcomes [[vata]] ), ''bhadra''( auspicious), ''vyaghranakha'' (sharp in its action), ''netrari'' (harmful to eyes) and ''dandavrikshaka'' (small tree). A variety of ''snuhi'' i.e. ''tridhara'' is said to be useful in ''rasasiddhi''.<ref>Indradev Tripathi, Rajanighantu of Pt Narahari, Chaukhmbha Orientalia 4th Edition,2006,p.no 272</ref>

	Ghee prepared with ''snuhi'' latex is useful in ''gulma, udara'' and ''garavisha''.[Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/138].		Ghee prepared with ''snuhi'' latex is useful in ''gulma, udara'' and ''garavisha''.[Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/138].