Sharira Sankhya Sharira - Revision history

Agnivesha at 08:21, 23 February 2024

2024-02-23T08:21:59Z

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	\|data5 = [[Sutra Sthana]], [[Nidana Sthana]], [[Vimana Sthana]], [[Indriya Sthana]], [[Chikitsa Sthana]], [[Kalpa Sthana]], [[Siddhi Sthana]]		\|data5 = [[Sutra Sthana]], [[Nidana Sthana]], [[Vimana Sthana]], [[Indriya Sthana]], [[Chikitsa Sthana]], [[Kalpa Sthana]], [[Siddhi Sthana]]
	\|label6 = Translator and commentator		\|label6 = Translator and commentator
	\|data6 = Tiwari S.P., Deole Y. S.		\|data6 = Tiwari S.P., [[Yogesh Deole\|Deole Y. S.]]
	\|label7 = Reviewer		\|label7 = Reviewer
	\|data7 = Patwardhan K., Shilwant A.A		\|data7 = Patwardhan K., Shilwant A.A
	\|label8 = Editors		\|label8 = Editors
	\|data8 = Bhalerao S., Deole Y.S., Basisht G.		\|data8 = Bhalerao S., [[Yogesh Deole\|Deole Y.S.]], [[Gopal Basisht\|Basisht G.]]
	\|label9 = Year of publication		\|label9 = Year of publication
	\|data9 = 2020		\|data9 = 2020

Agnivesha at 14:15, 7 March 2023

2023-03-07T14:15:09Z

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	}}		}}

	<big>'''Sharira Sthana Chapter 7. Numerological account of human body constituents '''</big>		<big>'''Sharira Sthana Chapter 7. Numerological account of human body constituents '''</big>
	{{Infobox		{{Infobox
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	}}		}}
	<big>'''Abstract'''</big>		<big>'''Abstract'''</big>
			<p style="text-align:justify;">This chapter is dedicated to numerological account and quantification of human anatomical and physiological constituents. It provides comprehensive knowledge about the organization of the body, its gross and subtle structures. The basic panchabhautika composition of human body is revealed which is helpful in understanding disease pathogenesis and prognosis. In brief, the chapter gives a general picture of how a body is organized by its functional organs, and emphasizes upon the importance of the knowledge of not only gross anatomy but at the cellular and sub cellular level.</br>
	<~~div~~ style="text-align:justify;">This chapter is dedicated to numerological account and quantification of human anatomical and physiological constituents. It provides comprehensive knowledge about the organization of the body, its gross and subtle structures. The basic panchabhautika composition of human body is revealed which is helpful in understanding disease pathogenesis and prognosis. In brief, the chapter gives a general picture of how a body is organized by its functional organs, and emphasizes upon the importance of the knowledge of not only gross anatomy but at the cellular and sub cellular level.</~~div~~>

	'''Keywords''': ''[[Purusha]], Chetana, Koshthanga,'' organs, physiological systems,layers of skin, bones, visceral organs, quantification of body constituents.		'''Keywords''': ''[[Purusha]], Chetana, Koshthanga,'' organs, physiological systems,layers of skin, bones, visceral organs, quantification of body constituents.
	</~~div~~>		</p>

Agnivesha at 06:22, 20 September 2022

2022-09-20T06:22:29Z

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			{{CiteButton}}
	{{#seo:		{{#seo:
	\|title= Sharira Sankhya Sharira		\|title= Sharira Sankhya Sharira

Eganeesh: /* Koshthanga */

2021-09-23T19:44:48Z

Koshthanga

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	''Koshthanga sharira'' presented by Charaka is an exclusive presentation, based on his own ideas and medical values. However he maintained that organs included should be located in the cavities of the trunk specifying to ''koshtha'', just like the clubbing of visceral organs in modern anatomy for practical study. It does not match with Sushruta’s presentation. Among presented fifteen ''koshthangas'' controversial entities are ''nabhi, kloma, pakvashaya'' and ''vapavahan''. For ''nabhi'' opinions available so far are all centered with umbilicus, which is not appropriate because umbilicus is on the body wall it is not located in the ''koshtha''. Mesentery may be most suitable organ to be taken for ''nabhi''. Pancreas having medical relevance related with the symptom of polydipsia seems to be most suitable to be referred for ''kloma'' particularly under Charaka’s ''koshthanga''. Though it is the part of large intestine (''sthulantra'') but caecum is an important structure and a visceral organ, it should be taken for ''pakvashaya''. Some scholars have correlated duodenum with ''pakvashaya'' which is not authentic any way as it does not hold digested food, its function is to deal with likely undigested food (chyme). No doubt ''vapavahana'' as referred by Chakrapani is a ''tailvartika'' but omentum does not fit completely with the description of ''vapavahana''. This is also denied by Prof. V.J. Thakkar<ref> Thakkar V.J., Purusha Vichaya, A. H. Publishers, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, India </ref>. He has referred lacteals to be taken for it. Lacteals are also not the better option. Why not thoracic duct because it is found in singular number? As such thoracic duct is recommended here in this account to be taken for ''vapavahana''.		''Koshthanga sharira'' presented by Charaka is an exclusive presentation, based on his own ideas and medical values. However he maintained that organs included should be located in the cavities of the trunk specifying to ''koshtha'', just like the clubbing of visceral organs in modern anatomy for practical study. It does not match with Sushruta’s presentation. Among presented fifteen ''koshthangas'' controversial entities are ''nabhi, kloma, pakvashaya'' and ''vapavahan''. For ''nabhi'' opinions available so far are all centered with umbilicus, which is not appropriate because umbilicus is on the body wall it is not located in the ''koshtha''. Mesentery may be most suitable organ to be taken for ''nabhi''. Pancreas having medical relevance related with the symptom of polydipsia seems to be most suitable to be referred for ''kloma'' particularly under Charaka’s ''koshthanga''. Though it is the part of large intestine (''sthulantra'') but caecum is an important structure and a visceral organ, it should be taken for ''pakvashaya''. Some scholars have correlated duodenum with ''pakvashaya'' which is not authentic any way as it does not hold digested food, its function is to deal with likely undigested food (chyme). No doubt ''vapavahana'' as referred by Chakrapani is a ''tailvartika'' but omentum does not fit completely with the description of ''vapavahana''. This is also denied by Prof. V.J. Thakkar<ref> Thakkar V.J., Purusha Vichaya, A. H. Publishers, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, India </ref>. He has referred lacteals to be taken for it. Lacteals are also not the better option. Why not thoracic duct because it is found in singular number? As such thoracic duct is recommended here in this account to be taken for ''vapavahana''.
	</div>		</div>

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	== References ==		== References ==

Eganeesh at 07:52, 15 July 2021

2021-07-15T07:52:11Z

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2021-01-16T12:22:20Z

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	\|keywords=Purusha, Chetana, Koshthanga, organs, physiological systems,layers of skin, bones, visceral organs, quantification of body constituents, Ayurveda, Indian system of medicine, charak samhita.		\|keywords=Purusha, Chetana, Koshthanga, organs, physiological systems,layers of skin, bones, visceral organs, quantification of body constituents, Ayurveda, Indian system of medicine, charak samhita.
	\|description=Sharira Sthana Chapter 7. Numerological account of human body constituents		\|description=Sharira Sthana Chapter 7. Numerological account of human body constituents
	\|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com~~/mediawiki-1.32.1~~/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg		\|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg
	\|image_alt=charak samhita		\|image_alt=charak samhita
	\|type=article		\|type=article

Agnivesha at 12:24, 9 October 2020

2020-10-09T12:24:40Z

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	\|label7 = Reviewer		\|label7 = Reviewer
	\|data7 = Patwardhan K., Shilwant A.A		\|data7 = Patwardhan K., Shilwant A.A
	\|label8 = ~~Editor~~		\|label8 = Editors
	\|data8 = Bhalerao S.		\|data8 = Bhalerao S., Deole Y.S., Basisht G.
	\|label9 = ~~Date~~ of publication		\|label9 = Year of publication
	\|data9 = ~~December 17, 2018~~		\|data9 = 2020
	\|label10 = ~~DOI~~		\|label10 = Publisher
	\|data10 = [https://doi.org/10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s04.008 10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s04.008]		\|data10 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
	~~\|header3 =~~		\|label11 = DOI
			\|data11 = [https://doi.org/10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s04.008 10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s04.008]
	}}		}}
	<big>'''Abstract'''</big>		<big>'''Abstract'''</big>

Agnivesha at 15:39, 1 October 2020

2020-10-01T15:39:19Z

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	\|data9 = December 17, 2018		\|data9 = December 17, 2018
	\|label10 = DOI		\|label10 = DOI
	\|data10 =		\|data10 = [https://doi.org/10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s04.008 10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s04.008]
	\|header3 =		\|header3 =

Eganeesh: /* Indriya */

2020-09-28T07:13:20Z

Indriya

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	*When [[Sankhya Sharira]] is seen as whole this looks like the dissection of the whole body to the level of ''paramanubheda''. Firstly, body was displayed through visceral organs (''koshthanga''), then it was shown through the regional derivatives (''pratyanga''), after that it was shown through it’s very inner systems making core divisions of life including ''hridaya, indriyadhishthan, buddhindriya, karmendriya'' and ''pranadhishthan'', then body was shown through rationally accountable structures and further by liquid constituents. Lastly body was shown through ''paramanubheda'' (microscopic level). This type of description is like opening the window of ''tatvagyan''. What remains in ''tatvagyan'' if the secrets of ''sanyoga'' and ''vibhaga'', i.e. enzymes and genetic code are revealed. At this level, reference specifying the value of ''tatvagyan'' under [[Arthedashmahamooliya Adhyaya]] is quotable, ''Tatvavabodhoharshananam'' [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 30/15], this speaks that ''tatvagyan'' is the ultimate source of ''harsha'' (happiness). As such if one observes the body in ultimate split, ''paramanubheda'', or in separated form, he gets the ultimate salvation. [18]		*When [[Sankhya Sharira]] is seen as whole this looks like the dissection of the whole body to the level of ''paramanubheda''. Firstly, body was displayed through visceral organs (''koshthanga''), then it was shown through the regional derivatives (''pratyanga''), after that it was shown through it’s very inner systems making core divisions of life including ''hridaya, indriyadhishthan, buddhindriya, karmendriya'' and ''pranadhishthan'', then body was shown through rationally accountable structures and further by liquid constituents. Lastly body was shown through ''paramanubheda'' (microscopic level). This type of description is like opening the window of ''tatvagyan''. What remains in ''tatvagyan'' if the secrets of ''sanyoga'' and ''vibhaga'', i.e. enzymes and genetic code are revealed. At this level, reference specifying the value of ''tatvagyan'' under [[Arthedashmahamooliya Adhyaya]] is quotable, ''Tatvavabodhoharshananam'' [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 30/15], this speaks that ''tatvagyan'' is the ultimate source of ''harsha'' (happiness). As such if one observes the body in ultimate split, ''paramanubheda'', or in separated form, he gets the ultimate salvation. [18]

	*The anatomical information presented in this chapter by Charaka is devised for the physician not for the surgeon, hence it is said that one who knows the body through the organization of organs and systems, is always enlightened and never falls into any confusion. The knowledge of the anatomy has been always considered essential for a clinician. It was highly acknowledged by Sushruta~~<ref> Ghanekar, Sushruta Samhita,~~ Sharira ~~Sthan, 2012 edition, Meharchand Laxmandas Publications, New Delhi,~~ 5/60. </~~ref~~> ~~particularly for the surgeons.-Su. Sh. 5/60).~~ Sushruta has said that which is observed by the senses (''pratyaksha'') and also which is studied in books, both in combination give much knowledge. [19]		*The anatomical information presented in this chapter by Charaka is devised for the physician not for the surgeon, hence it is said that one who knows the body through the organization of organs and systems, is always enlightened and never falls into any confusion. The knowledge of the anatomy has been always considered essential for a clinician. It was highly acknowledged by Sushruta. [Su.Sa.Sharira Sthana 5/60]<ref name=Susruta/> Sushruta has said that which is observed by the senses (''pratyaksha'') and also which is studied in books, both in combination give much knowledge. [19]

	*Knowledge of anatomy on the one side is an essential requisite for a physician on the other side it is also important for a common people for enjoying a good lifestyle. Normally a person with the knowledge of constituents of the body is found different and enlightened in comparison with others. This is the actual theme behind the composition of this quote by Charaka. [20]		*Knowledge of anatomy on the one side is an essential requisite for a physician on the other side it is also important for a common people for enjoying a good lifestyle. Normally a person with the knowledge of constituents of the body is found different and enlightened in comparison with others. This is the actual theme behind the composition of this quote by Charaka. [20]

Eganeesh: /* Indriya */

2020-09-27T08:14:47Z

Indriya

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	*According to him ''pratyangas'' are ''mastaka'' (cranium), ''udar'' (abdomen), ''prashtha'' (back), ''nabhi'' (umbilicus), ''lalat'' (fore head), ''nasa'' (nose), ''chibuka'' (chin), ''basti'' (urinary bladder) and ''greeva'' (neck) each one in number. ''Karna'' (ear), ''netra'' (eye), ''bhru'' (eye brow), ''shankha'' (temporal), ''amsa'' (shoulder), ''ganda'' (Cheek), ''kaksha'' (axilla), ''stana'' (breast), ''vrashana'' (scrotum), ''parshva'' (flank), ''sfig'' (gluteal region), ''janu'' (knee), ''bahu'' (upper arm) and ''uru'' (thigh) each two in number, ''anguli'' (fingers) 20 in number and ''srotasas'' (11 types). [Su.Sa.Sharira Sthana 5/3]<ref name=Susruta/> [11]		*According to him ''pratyangas'' are ''mastaka'' (cranium), ''udar'' (abdomen), ''prashtha'' (back), ''nabhi'' (umbilicus), ''lalat'' (fore head), ''nasa'' (nose), ''chibuka'' (chin), ''basti'' (urinary bladder) and ''greeva'' (neck) each one in number. ''Karna'' (ear), ''netra'' (eye), ''bhru'' (eye brow), ''shankha'' (temporal), ''amsa'' (shoulder), ''ganda'' (Cheek), ''kaksha'' (axilla), ''stana'' (breast), ''vrashana'' (scrotum), ''parshva'' (flank), ''sfig'' (gluteal region), ''janu'' (knee), ''bahu'' (upper arm) and ''uru'' (thigh) each two in number, ''anguli'' (fingers) 20 in number and ''srotasas'' (11 types). [Su.Sa.Sharira Sthana 5/3]<ref name=Susruta/> [11]

	*The openings of the body which are presented by Charaka as major openings (''mahan chhidra''), same are referred by Sushruta designating as ''bahirmukha srotas''. [Su.Sa.Sharira Sthana 5/10]<ref name=Susruta/> Sharangadhara<ref> Parasuram Shasthri, Sharangadhara Samhita, Purva Khand,Chap. 5, Kaladikakhyanam shariram, verse 64, In: Parasuram Shasthri, Editor. Sharangadhara Samhita.3rd ed. Varanasi: Choukhamba Orientalia;1983. </ref> has presented 10 major openings by adding one opening (''bramha randhra'') in the cranium. (Sharangadhar Purvardha 5/64). In Bhagavad Geeta<ref> Shrimadbhagavat Geeta, 2005 edition Geeta Press Gorakhpur, 5/13 </ref> these ''bahirsrotasas'' are referred by the name of ''navadwara''. (GIta 5/13). [12]		*The openings of the body which are presented by Charaka as major openings (''mahan chhidra''), same are referred by Sushruta designating as ''bahirmukha srotas''. [Su.Sa.Sharira Sthana 5/10]<ref name=Susruta/> Sharangadhara has presented 10 major openings by adding one opening (''bramha randhra'') in the cranium<ref name=Shargadara/>. (Sharangadhar Purvardha 5/64). In Bhagavad Geeta<ref> Shrimadbhagavat Geeta, 2005 edition Geeta Press Gorakhpur, 5/13 </ref> these ''bahirsrotasas'' are referred by the name of ''navadwara''. (GIta 5/13). [12]

	*As presented by Charaka, ''pratyksha sharira'' is limited and accountable. Remaining is the anatomy which can be considered and described only by ''anumana'' and ''aptopadesha''. [13]		*As presented by Charaka, ''pratyksha sharira'' is limited and accountable. Remaining is the anatomy which can be considered and described only by ''anumana'' and ''aptopadesha''. [13]