Ama - Revision history

Agnivesha: /* Theses works on ama */

2024-02-24T18:26:34Z

Theses works on ama

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:26, 24 February 2024
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	<li style="font-weight:bold">Association of stress inducing factors (manoabhitapakara bhava) and free radical over [[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]]<span style="font-weight:normal"><br/><b>Discussion over association of stress inducing factors (manoabhitapakara bhava) and free radicals with chronic metabolic [[Vyadhi\|diseases]] such as diabetes mellitus type 2 ([[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]]):</b><br/>This research explains about how adherence with stress (manobhitapakara bhava) lead to produce ama or free radical, and in turn produces chronic metabolic [[Vyadhi\|diseases]]. The harmony of [[Manas\|mind (manas)]] responsible for the perfect harmony of [[Sharira\|body]]. Altered external living sources like demographic alteration, change in family system, urbanization, industrialization, westernisation have a potent role to induce the pathogenesis at psychic level as well as [[Sharira\|body]] level by the faulty pattern of adaptataion. Repeated attachment with stress (kamadi bhavas) are the potent cause for morbidity and mortality rate of obstinate urinary [[Vyadhi\|disease]]/diabetes melitus type 2([[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]]). This is not only for the cause but it also responsible for the complication. Excessive generation of free radical sustained affection of stress (manobhitapakara bhavas) altered the [[Sharira\|body]] defence mechanism, which in terms can be understand. Treatment like pacifying vitiated manasika dosha (manasa doshahara), counseling, antistress approach, [[Deepana\|dipana (appetizers)]], [[Pachana\|pachana]] (digestives), can check the vicious pathogenesis involved in [[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]] (obstinate urinary [[Vyadhi\|disease]]/ diabetes mellitus type 2). <br/><b>Outcome of the study: </b>There is a direct relation of the mean score of manobhitapakara bhavas (stress), lipid peroxide and fasting blood sugar. By changing mode of [[Ayu\|life]] style, optimistic attitude, keeping faith in good, decreasing the high blood pressure level stress hormones can be reduced. Which it reflects through the sufficient decrease in signs and symptoms of the [[Vyadhi\|disease]].<ref name="ref9">Manoabhitapakara bhava, free radical, madhumeha by Bishnupriya, Dept. of Basic principles, IPGT& RA, Jamnagar,2001.</ref></span></li>		<li style="font-weight:bold">Association of stress inducing factors (manoabhitapakara bhava) and free radical over [[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]]<span style="font-weight:normal"><br/><b>Discussion over association of stress inducing factors (manoabhitapakara bhava) and free radicals with chronic metabolic [[Vyadhi\|diseases]] such as diabetes mellitus type 2 ([[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]]):</b><br/>This research explains about how adherence with stress (manobhitapakara bhava) lead to produce ama or free radical, and in turn produces chronic metabolic [[Vyadhi\|diseases]]. The harmony of [[Manas\|mind (manas)]] responsible for the perfect harmony of [[Sharira\|body]]. Altered external living sources like demographic alteration, change in family system, urbanization, industrialization, westernisation have a potent role to induce the pathogenesis at psychic level as well as [[Sharira\|body]] level by the faulty pattern of adaptataion. Repeated attachment with stress (kamadi bhavas) are the potent cause for morbidity and mortality rate of obstinate urinary [[Vyadhi\|disease]]/diabetes melitus type 2([[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]]). This is not only for the cause but it also responsible for the complication. Excessive generation of free radical sustained affection of stress (manobhitapakara bhavas) altered the [[Sharira\|body]] defence mechanism, which in terms can be understand. Treatment like pacifying vitiated manasika dosha (manasa doshahara), counseling, antistress approach, [[Deepana\|dipana (appetizers)]], [[Pachana\|pachana]] (digestives), can check the vicious pathogenesis involved in [[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]] (obstinate urinary [[Vyadhi\|disease]]/ diabetes mellitus type 2). <br/><b>Outcome of the study: </b>There is a direct relation of the mean score of manobhitapakara bhavas (stress), lipid peroxide and fasting blood sugar. By changing mode of [[Ayu\|life]] style, optimistic attitude, keeping faith in good, decreasing the high blood pressure level stress hormones can be reduced. Which it reflects through the sufficient decrease in signs and symptoms of the [[Vyadhi\|disease]].<ref name="ref9">Manoabhitapakara bhava, free radical, madhumeha by Bishnupriya, Dept. of Basic principles, IPGT& RA, Jamnagar,2001.</ref></span></li>
	<li style="font-weight:bold">A critical and comparative study of Ama and Free radical theory with special reference to [[Amavata\|Amavata]]<span style="font-weight:normal"><br/><b>Outcome of study: </b>Free radical is an atom/molecule that contains one or more unpaired electron, which requires neutralisation by free radical scavengers. Thus it exists in an incomplete metabolic state which is also the state of ama described as incompletely digested (avipakvam). Free radicals cause damage to cell membrane and thus the cell is destroyed. This destruction may lead to putrification and foul smell generations which is similar to one of the property of ama described as unpleasant smell (durgandham). Though ama remains in the [[Sharira\|body]] as isolated or not mized (asamyuktam), but due to its properties like excessive sliminess (bahupicchilam) etc. it sticks to normal healthy [[Sharira\|body]] tissues very quickly, similar is the case with free radicals. To seek stability in their structure they quickly attack the healthy molecules of the [[Sharira\|body]] and thus setting a chain reaction. The cells throughout [[Sharira\|body]] are continously exposed to these damaging molecules, same has been described for ama as causing sluggishness of whole [[Sharira\|body]] (sadanam sarva gatranam). From above one can observe that properties of free radicals are similar to the properties of ama described in classics. Now the process of production of free radicals in [[Sharira\|body]] and production of ama would be considered. So it may be concluded that the causative factors ([[Nidana\|nidana]]) such as heavy to digest (guru), unctuousness (snigdha) etc. qualities of [[Ahara\|diet (ahara)]] of [[Amavata\|amavata]] (rheumatism) as mentioned in the classics have a specific role to play in production of ama and also in the generation of free radicals. Also the line of treatment of ama advocated in the classics is effective in reducing the level of ama as well as free radicals. So it can be inferred that a positive correlation exists between ama and free radicals.<ref name="ref10">A critical and comparative study of Ama and Free radical theory with special reference to Amavata by Gaurav sharma, Department of Basic principles, IPGT& RA, Jamnagar, 2001.</ref></span></li>		<li style="font-weight:bold">A critical and comparative study of Ama and Free radical theory with special reference to [[Amavata\|Amavata]]<span style="font-weight:normal"><br/><b>Outcome of study: </b>Free radical is an atom/molecule that contains one or more unpaired electron, which requires neutralisation by free radical scavengers. Thus it exists in an incomplete metabolic state which is also the state of ama described as incompletely digested (avipakvam). Free radicals cause damage to cell membrane and thus the cell is destroyed. This destruction may lead to putrification and foul smell generations which is similar to one of the property of ama described as unpleasant smell (durgandham). Though ama remains in the [[Sharira\|body]] as isolated or not mized (asamyuktam), but due to its properties like excessive sliminess (bahupicchilam) etc. it sticks to normal healthy [[Sharira\|body]] tissues very quickly, similar is the case with free radicals. To seek stability in their structure they quickly attack the healthy molecules of the [[Sharira\|body]] and thus setting a chain reaction. The cells throughout [[Sharira\|body]] are continously exposed to these damaging molecules, same has been described for ama as causing sluggishness of whole [[Sharira\|body]] (sadanam sarva gatranam). From above one can observe that properties of free radicals are similar to the properties of ama described in classics. Now the process of production of free radicals in [[Sharira\|body]] and production of ama would be considered. So it may be concluded that the causative factors ([[Nidana\|nidana]]) such as heavy to digest (guru), unctuousness (snigdha) etc. qualities of [[Ahara\|diet (ahara)]] of [[Amavata\|amavata]] (rheumatism) as mentioned in the classics have a specific role to play in production of ama and also in the generation of free radicals. Also the line of treatment of ama advocated in the classics is effective in reducing the level of ama as well as free radicals. So it can be inferred that a positive correlation exists between ama and free radicals.<ref name="ref10">A critical and comparative study of Ama and Free radical theory with special reference to Amavata by Gaurav sharma, Department of Basic principles, IPGT& RA, Jamnagar, 2001.</ref></span></li>
	<li style="font-weight:bold">A critical study of Trividhakuksiyavimana w.s.r. to amotpatti and its management<span style="font-weight:normal"><br/><b>Outcome of study: </b>In this study, 2 groups are there, group I (treatment group) patients have been given chaturushna churna (powder) followed by wholesome diet (pathya) and light to digest food. Whereas, in group II (control group) patients received placebo treatment and wholesome diet (pathya) and light to digest food.. [[Dosha\|Dosha]] (ama dosha and [[Tridosha\|tridosha]] ([[Vata dosha\|vata]], [[Pitta dosha\|pitta]] and [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]])) when adhere to [[Amashaya\|amashaya (stomach)]], the desired response of the medicine may not be obtained which is observed in clinical study. Due to this the 21 days duration of therapy did not produce total cure response. So, we can say that if in [[Vyadhi\|disease]], treatment regimens opposite to [[Vyadhi\|disease]] (vyadhi viparita ausadha) doesn’t produce good response, then it is to be inferred that here amashaya (stomach) is adhered with ama dosha. In this stage, as advised in Trividhakuksiyavimana adhyaya (2nd chapter of [[Preface- Charak Samhita New Edition\|Charak Samhita]] [[Vimana Sthana\|Vimana Sthana]]), depleting therapy (apatarpna) should be administered. If presence of [[Vyadhi\|disease]] stage (vyadhi anubandha) remains, then the treatment regimens opposite to [[Vyadhi\|disease]] (vyadhi viparita aushadha) is to be advised.<ref name="ref11">A critical study of Trividhakuksiyavimana w.s.r. to amotpatti and its management by Mihir ~~vyas~~, Dept. of Basic principles, IPGT& RA, Jamnagar, 2005.</ref></span></li></ol>		<li style="font-weight:bold">A critical study of Trividhakuksiyavimana w.s.r. to amotpatti and its management<span style="font-weight:normal"><br/><b>Outcome of study: </b>In this study, 2 groups are there, group I (treatment group) patients have been given chaturushna churna (powder) followed by wholesome diet (pathya) and light to digest food. Whereas, in group II (control group) patients received placebo treatment and wholesome diet (pathya) and light to digest food.. [[Dosha\|Dosha]] (ama dosha and [[Tridosha\|tridosha]] ([[Vata dosha\|vata]], [[Pitta dosha\|pitta]] and [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]])) when adhere to [[Amashaya\|amashaya (stomach)]], the desired response of the medicine may not be obtained which is observed in clinical study. Due to this the 21 days duration of therapy did not produce total cure response. So, we can say that if in [[Vyadhi\|disease]], treatment regimens opposite to [[Vyadhi\|disease]] (vyadhi viparita ausadha) doesn’t produce good response, then it is to be inferred that here amashaya (stomach) is adhered with ama dosha. In this stage, as advised in Trividhakuksiyavimana adhyaya (2nd chapter of [[Preface- Charak Samhita New Edition\|Charak Samhita]] [[Vimana Sthana\|Vimana Sthana]]), depleting therapy (apatarpna) should be administered. If presence of [[Vyadhi\|disease]] stage (vyadhi anubandha) remains, then the treatment regimens opposite to [[Vyadhi\|disease]] (vyadhi viparita aushadha) is to be advised.<ref name="ref11">A critical study of Trividhakuksiyavimana w.s.r. to amotpatti and its management by Mihir vaja, Dept. of Basic principles, IPGT& RA, Jamnagar, 2005.</ref></span></li></ol>

	== Contemporary views and research updates on ama ==		== Contemporary views and research updates on ama ==

Agnivesha: /* Theses works on ama */

2024-02-24T18:16:00Z

Theses works on ama

Agnivesha at 09:17, 24 February 2024

2024-02-24T09:17:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:17, 24 February 2024
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	\|data1 = Concepts & Practices/[[Ama]]		\|data1 = Concepts & Practices/[[Ama]]
	\|label2 = Authors		\|label2 = Authors
	\|data2 = Dubey M.<sup>1</sup>,<br/>Deole Y.S.<sup>2</sup>		\|data2 = Dubey M.<sup>1</sup>,<br/>[[Yogesh Deole\|Deole Y.S.]]<sup>2</sup>
	\|label3 = Reviewer & Editor		\|label3 = Reviewer & Editor
	\|data3 = Basisht G.<sup>3</sup>,		\|data3 = [[Gopal Basisht\|Basisht G.]]<sup>3</sup>,
	\|label4 = Affiliations		\|label4 = Affiliations
	\|data4 = <sup>1</sup>[[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre]], I.T.R.A., Jamnagar, India <br/><sup>2</sup>Department of Kayachikitsa, G. J. Patel Institute of Ayurvedic Studies and Research, New Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India<br/><sup>3</sup>Rheumatologist, Orlando, Florida, U.S.A.		\|data4 = <sup>1</sup>[[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre]], I.T.R.A., Jamnagar, India <br/><sup>2</sup>Department of Kayachikitsa, G. J. Patel Institute of Ayurvedic Studies and Research, New Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India<br/><sup>3</sup>Rheumatologist, Orlando, Florida, U.S.A.

Agnivesha: /* = Ama and free radical theory */

2023-08-05T11:21:08Z

= Ama and free radical theory

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:21, 5 August 2023
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	This gut leakage and dysbiosis leads to gut inflammation, also disrupt an immune homeostasis. It causes systemic immune activation, neurological disturbances and auto immune diseases. All these predisposing conditions cause ama formation which triggers many complex pathological conditions, act as route cause for many diseases.<ref>Sharma H. Leaky Gut Syndrome, Dysbiosis, Ama, Free Radicals, and Natural Antioxidants. AYU. 2009; 30 (2): 88-105.</ref>		This gut leakage and dysbiosis leads to gut inflammation, also disrupt an immune homeostasis. It causes systemic immune activation, neurological disturbances and auto immune diseases. All these predisposing conditions cause ama formation which triggers many complex pathological conditions, act as route cause for many diseases.<ref>Sharma H. Leaky Gut Syndrome, Dysbiosis, Ama, Free Radicals, and Natural Antioxidants. AYU. 2009; 30 (2): 88-105.</ref>

	=== Ama and free radical theory ==		=== Ama and free radical theory ===
	<p style='text-align:justify;'>In contemporary sciences, the concept of ama can be related with free radical oxidative damage and autoimmune disorders.<ref name="ref6">J.S. Tripathi, R. H. Singh. Possible Correlates of Free Radicals and Free Radical Mediated Disorders in [[Ayurveda\|Ayurveda]] with Special Reference to Bhutagni Vyapara and Ama at Molecular Level. Ancient Science of Life. Vol. No. XIX (1&2) July, August, September, October 99. </ref> </p>		<p style='text-align:justify;'>In contemporary sciences, the concept of ama can be related with free radical oxidative damage and autoimmune disorders.<ref name="ref6">J.S. Tripathi, R. H. Singh. Possible Correlates of Free Radicals and Free Radical Mediated Disorders in [[Ayurveda\|Ayurveda]] with Special Reference to Bhutagni Vyapara and Ama at Molecular Level. Ancient Science of Life. Vol. No. XIX (1&2) July, August, September, October 99. </ref> </p>

Agnivesha: /* Clinical presentations due to ama */

2023-08-05T11:20:06Z

Clinical presentations due to ama

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:20, 5 August 2023
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	== Clinical presentations due to ama ==		== Clinical presentations due to ama ==
	<p style='text-align:justify;'>There are mainly two types of ama dosha or ama dosha vikara (disease) viz; [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis /choleretic diarrhoea) and [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] (sluggish bowel/intestinal obstruction). [Cha. Sa. [[Vimana Sthana\|Vimana Sthana]]. 2/10] Food taken in excessive quantity is the cause for sudden aggravation of all three [[Dosha\|dosha]] and formation of ama. All aggravated three [[Dosha\|dosha]] combine with ama and produce [[Vyadhi\|diseases]] like [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] and [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. [A. H. [[Sutra Sthana\|Sutra Sthana]]. 8/5-12]</p>		<p style='text-align:justify;'>There are mainly two types of ama dosha or ama dosha vikara (disease) viz; [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis /choleretic diarrhoea) and [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] (sluggish bowel/intestinal obstruction). [Cha. Sa. [[Vimana Sthana\|Vimana Sthana]]. 2/10] Food taken in excessive quantity is the cause for sudden aggravation of all three [[Dosha\|dosha]] and formation of ama. All aggravated three [[Dosha\|dosha]] combine with ama and produce [[Vyadhi\|diseases]] like [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] and [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. [A. H. [[Sutra Sthana\|Sutra Sthana]]. 8/5-12]</p>
	~~<ol style~~=~~'text-align:justify;'><li style~~=~~"font-weight:bold">~~[[Visuchika\|Visuchika]] (gastro-enteritis)~~:<br/><span style~~=~~"font-weight:normal">~~The word [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] derived from “suchi” means needle or “suchi vidh vedana” (pricking pain). The expulsion of ama dosha (undigested food) through both upper and lower passages of the gastrointestinal tract is called [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis). The [[Dosha\|doshas]] when tend to move outwards from both upper and downwards routes means both vomiting and diarrhoea occurs simultaneously. Due to aggravation of [[Vata dosha\|vata]] and other [[Dosha\|doshas]] different types of pain occur as the patients feels as if his [[Sharira\|body]] is being pricked by needles (suchi) so the [[Vyadhi\|disease]] is named [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. It can be compared with gastro-enteritis due to pathogens such as Cholera bacilli. Complications caused by [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] are, abdominal colic, vertigo, abdominal distension, tremors and rigidity by [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]. [[Pitta dosha\|Pitta]] causes [[Jwara\|jwara (fever)]], [[Atisara Chikitsa\|atisara (diarrhoea)]], burning sensation within [[Sharira\|body]], thirst, fainting and drowsiness. [[Kapha dosha\|Kapha dosha]] leads to chardi (vomiting), heaviness of the [[Sharira\|body]], unable to speak, excessive salivation and cough. </span></li>
	~~<ol style~~=~~'text-align:justify;'><li style~~=~~"font-weight:bold">~~[[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] (sluggish bowels)~~:<br/><span style~~=~~"font-weight:normal">~~The word [[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] derived from word “Alasa” means no movement. When frail person having weak digestive power and excess of [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]] in the [[Sharira\|body]], it habitually suppresses the urges of passing flatulence, micturition and bowels and at the same time consumes sthira (solid), guru (heavy), atishushka (excessively dry), and [[Sheeta\|sheeta (cold)]], in excessive quantities then his ingested food gets afflicted by [[Vayu mahabhuta\|vayu]] ([[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]). Even exerting pressure does not push the undigested food out of the passage since it is obstructed by [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]], by excreta accumulated already, and also because of sluggish nature caused by all these factors. Vishtambhan (stasis) of [[Dosha\|dosha]] occurs so the ama remains/stagnated within the stomach i.e., food neither passes upwards nor downward. This condition is called [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. All the characteristic features of ama dosha, except vomiting and diarrhoea, are manifested severely in [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. This can be compared with Cholera sicca where, the entire [[Sharira\|body]] fluids are dragged into the intestines and intestines gets paralyzed and the patients dies because of tissue dehydration. Aggravated [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]] vitiates the consumed food and [[Kapha dosha\|kapha dosha]] obstructs the channels. The undigested food remains in gut without any further process. It causes irritation and colicky pain without vomiting or diarrhoea. </span></li></ol>		=== [[Visuchika\|Visuchika]] (gastro-enteritis) ===
	~~<ol style~~=~~'text-align:justify;'><li style~~=~~"font-weight:bold">'''~~Dandaka alasaka~~'''~~ (delayed and obstructive digestive process wherein [[Sharira\|body]] becomes stiff like a stick)~~:<br/><span style~~=~~"font-weight:normal">~~
			The word [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] derived from “suchi” means needle or “suchi vidh vedana” (pricking pain). The expulsion of ama dosha (undigested food) through both upper and lower passages of the gastrointestinal tract is called [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis). The [[Dosha\|doshas]] when tend to move outwards from both upper and downwards routes means both vomiting and diarrhoea occurs simultaneously. Due to aggravation of [[Vata dosha\|vata]] and other [[Dosha\|doshas]] different types of pain occur as the patients feels as if his [[Sharira\|body]] is being pricked by needles (suchi) so the [[Vyadhi\|disease]] is named [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. It can be compared with gastro-enteritis due to pathogens such as Cholera bacilli. Complications caused by [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] are, abdominal colic, vertigo, abdominal distension, tremors and rigidity by [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]. [[Pitta dosha\|Pitta]] causes [[Jwara\|jwara (fever)]], [[Atisara Chikitsa\|atisara (diarrhoea)]], burning sensation within [[Sharira\|body]], thirst, fainting and drowsiness. [[Kapha dosha\|Kapha dosha]] leads to chardi (vomiting), heaviness of the [[Sharira\|body]], unable to speak, excessive salivation and cough. </span></li>

			=== [[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] (sluggish bowels)===

			The word [[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] derived from word “Alasa” means no movement. When frail person having weak digestive power and excess of [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]] in the [[Sharira\|body]], it habitually suppresses the urges of passing flatulence, micturition and bowels and at the same time consumes sthira (solid), guru (heavy), atishushka (excessively dry), and [[Sheeta\|sheeta (cold)]], in excessive quantities then his ingested food gets afflicted by [[Vayu mahabhuta\|vayu]] ([[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]). Even exerting pressure does not push the undigested food out of the passage since it is obstructed by [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]], by excreta accumulated already, and also because of sluggish nature caused by all these factors. Vishtambhan (stasis) of [[Dosha\|dosha]] occurs so the ama remains/stagnated within the stomach i.e., food neither passes upwards nor downward. This condition is called [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. All the characteristic features of ama dosha, except vomiting and diarrhoea, are manifested severely in [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. This can be compared with Cholera sicca where, the entire [[Sharira\|body]] fluids are dragged into the intestines and intestines gets paralyzed and the patients dies because of tissue dehydration. Aggravated [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]] vitiates the consumed food and [[Kapha dosha\|kapha dosha]] obstructs the channels. The undigested food remains in gut without any further process. It causes irritation and colicky pain without vomiting or diarrhoea. </span></li></ol>

			===Dandaka alasaka (delayed and obstructive digestive process wherein [[Sharira\|body]] becomes stiff like a stick)===

	Severely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] associated with ama spreads all over the channels of [[Sharira\|body]] and spreads throughout the [[Sharira\|body]]. The extremely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] move obliquely towards other [[Sharira\|body]] channels to block them. As all [[Sharira\|body]] channels are blocked by ama, the [[Sharira\|body]] becomes rigid like wooden rod/staff (danda). This condition is critical and needs urgent medical care. Such clinical condition is known as dandalasaka/ dandaka alasaka.</p>		Severely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] associated with ama spreads all over the channels of [[Sharira\|body]] and spreads throughout the [[Sharira\|body]]. The extremely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] move obliquely towards other [[Sharira\|body]] channels to block them. As all [[Sharira\|body]] channels are blocked by ama, the [[Sharira\|body]] becomes rigid like wooden rod/staff (danda). This condition is critical and needs urgent medical care. Such clinical condition is known as dandalasaka/ dandaka alasaka.</p>

Agnivesha: /* Clinical presentations due to ama */

2023-08-05T11:17:37Z

Clinical presentations due to ama

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:17, 5 August 2023
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	<p style='text-align:justify;'>There are mainly two types of ama dosha or ama dosha vikara (disease) viz; [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis /choleretic diarrhoea) and [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] (sluggish bowel/intestinal obstruction). [Cha. Sa. [[Vimana Sthana\|Vimana Sthana]]. 2/10] Food taken in excessive quantity is the cause for sudden aggravation of all three [[Dosha\|dosha]] and formation of ama. All aggravated three [[Dosha\|dosha]] combine with ama and produce [[Vyadhi\|diseases]] like [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] and [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. [A. H. [[Sutra Sthana\|Sutra Sthana]]. 8/5-12]</p>		<p style='text-align:justify;'>There are mainly two types of ama dosha or ama dosha vikara (disease) viz; [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis /choleretic diarrhoea) and [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] (sluggish bowel/intestinal obstruction). [Cha. Sa. [[Vimana Sthana\|Vimana Sthana]]. 2/10] Food taken in excessive quantity is the cause for sudden aggravation of all three [[Dosha\|dosha]] and formation of ama. All aggravated three [[Dosha\|dosha]] combine with ama and produce [[Vyadhi\|diseases]] like [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] and [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. [A. H. [[Sutra Sthana\|Sutra Sthana]]. 8/5-12]</p>
	<ol style='text-align:justify;'><li style="font-weight:bold">[[Visuchika\|Visuchika]] (gastro-enteritis):<br/><span style="font-weight:normal">The word [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] derived from “suchi” means needle or “suchi vidh vedana” (pricking pain). The expulsion of ama dosha (undigested food) through both upper and lower passages of the gastrointestinal tract is called [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis). The [[Dosha\|doshas]] when tend to move outwards from both upper and downwards routes means both vomiting and diarrhoea occurs simultaneously. Due to aggravation of [[Vata dosha\|vata]] and other [[Dosha\|doshas]] different types of pain occur as the patients feels as if his [[Sharira\|body]] is being pricked by needles (suchi) so the [[Vyadhi\|disease]] is named [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. It can be compared with gastro-enteritis due to pathogens such as Cholera bacilli. Complications caused by [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] are, abdominal colic, vertigo, abdominal distension, tremors and rigidity by [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]. [[Pitta dosha\|Pitta]] causes [[Jwara\|jwara (fever)]], [[Atisara Chikitsa\|atisara (diarrhoea)]], burning sensation within [[Sharira\|body]], thirst, fainting and drowsiness. [[Kapha dosha\|Kapha dosha]] leads to chardi (vomiting), heaviness of the [[Sharira\|body]], unable to speak, excessive salivation and cough. </span></li>		<ol style='text-align:justify;'><li style="font-weight:bold">[[Visuchika\|Visuchika]] (gastro-enteritis):<br/><span style="font-weight:normal">The word [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] derived from “suchi” means needle or “suchi vidh vedana” (pricking pain). The expulsion of ama dosha (undigested food) through both upper and lower passages of the gastrointestinal tract is called [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis). The [[Dosha\|doshas]] when tend to move outwards from both upper and downwards routes means both vomiting and diarrhoea occurs simultaneously. Due to aggravation of [[Vata dosha\|vata]] and other [[Dosha\|doshas]] different types of pain occur as the patients feels as if his [[Sharira\|body]] is being pricked by needles (suchi) so the [[Vyadhi\|disease]] is named [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. It can be compared with gastro-enteritis due to pathogens such as Cholera bacilli. Complications caused by [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] are, abdominal colic, vertigo, abdominal distension, tremors and rigidity by [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]. [[Pitta dosha\|Pitta]] causes [[Jwara\|jwara (fever)]], [[Atisara Chikitsa\|atisara (diarrhoea)]], burning sensation within [[Sharira\|body]], thirst, fainting and drowsiness. [[Kapha dosha\|Kapha dosha]] leads to chardi (vomiting), heaviness of the [[Sharira\|body]], unable to speak, excessive salivation and cough. </span></li>
	<li style="font-weight:bold">[[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] (sluggish bowels):<br/><span style="font-weight:normal">The word [[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] derived from word “Alasa” means no movement. When frail person having weak digestive power and excess of [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]] in the [[Sharira\|body]], it habitually suppresses the urges of passing flatulence, micturition and bowels and at the same time consumes sthira (solid), guru (heavy), atishushka (excessively dry), and [[Sheeta\|sheeta (cold)]], in excessive quantities then his ingested food gets afflicted by [[Vayu mahabhuta\|vayu]] ([[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]). Even exerting pressure does not push the undigested food out of the passage since it is obstructed by [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]], by excreta accumulated already, and also because of sluggish nature caused by all these factors. Vishtambhan (stasis) of [[Dosha\|dosha]] occurs so the ama remains/stagnated within the stomach i.e., food neither passes upwards nor downward. This condition is called [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. All the characteristic features of ama dosha, except vomiting and diarrhoea, are manifested severely in [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. This can be compared with Cholera sicca where, the entire [[Sharira\|body]] fluids are dragged into the intestines and intestines gets paralyzed and the patients dies because of tissue dehydration. Aggravated [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]] vitiates the consumed food and [[Kapha dosha\|kapha dosha]] obstructs the channels. The undigested food remains in gut without any further process. It causes irritation and colicky pain without vomiting or diarrhoea. </span></li></ol>		<ol style='text-align:justify;'><li style="font-weight:bold">[[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] (sluggish bowels):<br/><span style="font-weight:normal">The word [[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] derived from word “Alasa” means no movement. When frail person having weak digestive power and excess of [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]] in the [[Sharira\|body]], it habitually suppresses the urges of passing flatulence, micturition and bowels and at the same time consumes sthira (solid), guru (heavy), atishushka (excessively dry), and [[Sheeta\|sheeta (cold)]], in excessive quantities then his ingested food gets afflicted by [[Vayu mahabhuta\|vayu]] ([[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]). Even exerting pressure does not push the undigested food out of the passage since it is obstructed by [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]], by excreta accumulated already, and also because of sluggish nature caused by all these factors. Vishtambhan (stasis) of [[Dosha\|dosha]] occurs so the ama remains/stagnated within the stomach i.e., food neither passes upwards nor downward. This condition is called [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. All the characteristic features of ama dosha, except vomiting and diarrhoea, are manifested severely in [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. This can be compared with Cholera sicca where, the entire [[Sharira\|body]] fluids are dragged into the intestines and intestines gets paralyzed and the patients dies because of tissue dehydration. Aggravated [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]] vitiates the consumed food and [[Kapha dosha\|kapha dosha]] obstructs the channels. The undigested food remains in gut without any further process. It causes irritation and colicky pain without vomiting or diarrhoea. </span></li></ol>
			<ol style='text-align:justify;'><li style="font-weight:bold">'''Dandaka alasaka''' (delayed and obstructive digestive process wherein [[Sharira\|body]] becomes stiff like a stick):<br/><span style="font-weight:normal">
	<p style='text-align:justify;'>'''Dandaka alasaka''' (delayed and obstructive digestive process wherein [[Sharira\|body]] becomes stiff like a stick):
	Severely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] associated with ama spreads all over the channels of [[Sharira\|body]] and spreads throughout the [[Sharira\|body]]. The extremely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] move obliquely towards other [[Sharira\|body]] channels to block them. As all [[Sharira\|body]] channels are blocked by ama, the [[Sharira\|body]] becomes rigid like wooden rod/staff (danda). This condition is critical and needs urgent medical care. Such clinical condition is known as dandalasaka/ dandaka alasaka.</p>		Severely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] associated with ama spreads all over the channels of [[Sharira\|body]] and spreads throughout the [[Sharira\|body]]. The extremely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] move obliquely towards other [[Sharira\|body]] channels to block them. As all [[Sharira\|body]] channels are blocked by ama, the [[Sharira\|body]] becomes rigid like wooden rod/staff (danda). This condition is critical and needs urgent medical care. Such clinical condition is known as dandalasaka/ dandaka alasaka.</p>

Agnivesha: /* Features of state without ama (nirama dhatu lakshana) [A. H. Sutra Sthana 11/4] */

2023-08-05T11:15:24Z

Features of state without ama (nirama dhatu lakshana) [A. H. Sutra Sthana 11/4]

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:15, 5 August 2023
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	\|}		\|}

	== Features of state without ama (nirama ~~dhatu~~ lakshana) ~~[A. H. [[Sutra Sthana\|Sutra Sthana]] 11/4]~~ ==		== Features of state without ama (nirama lakshana) ==
	In stage devoid of ama (nirama avastha), all seven [[Dhatu\|dhatus]] perform their normal functions and are devoid of symptoms of ama.		In stage devoid of ama (nirama avastha), all seven [[Dhatu\|dhatus]] perform their normal functions and are devoid of symptoms of ama.[A. H. [[Sutra Sthana\|Sutra Sthana]] 11/4]

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+Table no. 4: Saama mala lakshana : <span style="font-weight:normal">[Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana\|Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/49, 94]</span>		\|+Table no. 4: Saama [[mala]] lakshana : <span style="font-weight:normal">[Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana\|Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/49, 94]</span>
	!'''Saama mala'''		!'''Saama [[mala]]'''

	'''(waste products associated with ama)'''		'''(waste products associated with ama)'''
	!'''Symptoms'''		!'''Symptoms'''
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''Saama mutra'''		\|'''Saama [[mutra]]'''

	'''(urine associated with ama)'''		'''(urine associated with ama)'''
	\|Mutra roga (urological disorders), obstruction to urinary passage		\|[[Mutra]] roga (urological disorders), obstruction to urinary passage
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''Saama purisha'''		\|'''Saama [[purisha]]'''

	'''(feces associated with ama)'''		'''(feces associated with ama)'''
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	\|}		\|}
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+ Table no. 4: Nirama mala lakshana:		\|+ Table no. 4: Nirama [[mala]] lakshana:
	!'''Nirama mala (Waste products not associated with ama)'''		!'''Nirama [[mala]] (Waste products not associated with ama)'''
	!'''Symptoms'''		!'''Symptoms'''
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''Nirama mutra (~~Urine~~ not associated with ama)'''		\|'''Nirama [[mutra]] (urine not associated with ama)'''
	\|Without any urinary disorders or abnormal symptoms.		\|Without any urinary disorders or abnormal symptoms.
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''Nirama purisha (~~Feces~~ not associated with ama)'''		\|'''Nirama [[purisha]] (feces not associated with ama)'''
	\|Stool floats on water, laghuta (lightness).		\|Stool floats on water, laghuta (lightness).
	\|}		\|}

Agnivesha at 11:12, 5 August 2023

2023-08-05T11:12:10Z

Show changes

Agnivesha at 08:04, 4 August 2023

2023-08-04T08:04:36Z

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Agnivesha at 05:30, 4 August 2023

2023-08-04T05:30:34Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 11:20, 5 August 2023
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	== Clinical presentations due to ama ==		== Clinical presentations due to ama ==
	<p style='text-align:justify;'>There are mainly two types of ama dosha or ama dosha vikara (disease) viz; [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis /choleretic diarrhoea) and [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] (sluggish bowel/intestinal obstruction). [Cha. Sa. [[Vimana Sthana\|Vimana Sthana]]. 2/10] Food taken in excessive quantity is the cause for sudden aggravation of all three [[Dosha\|dosha]] and formation of ama. All aggravated three [[Dosha\|dosha]] combine with ama and produce [[Vyadhi\|diseases]] like [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] and [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. [A. H. [[Sutra Sthana\|Sutra Sthana]]. 8/5-12]</p>		<p style='text-align:justify;'>There are mainly two types of ama dosha or ama dosha vikara (disease) viz; [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis /choleretic diarrhoea) and [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] (sluggish bowel/intestinal obstruction). [Cha. Sa. [[Vimana Sthana\|Vimana Sthana]]. 2/10] Food taken in excessive quantity is the cause for sudden aggravation of all three [[Dosha\|dosha]] and formation of ama. All aggravated three [[Dosha\|dosha]] combine with ama and produce [[Vyadhi\|diseases]] like [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] and [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. [A. H. [[Sutra Sthana\|Sutra Sthana]]. 8/5-12]</p>
	~~<ol style~~=~~'text-align:justify;'><li style~~=~~"font-weight:bold">~~[[Visuchika\|Visuchika]] (gastro-enteritis)~~:<br/><span style~~=~~"font-weight:normal">~~The word [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] derived from “suchi” means needle or “suchi vidh vedana” (pricking pain). The expulsion of ama dosha (undigested food) through both upper and lower passages of the gastrointestinal tract is called [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis). The [[Dosha\|doshas]] when tend to move outwards from both upper and downwards routes means both vomiting and diarrhoea occurs simultaneously. Due to aggravation of [[Vata dosha\|vata]] and other [[Dosha\|doshas]] different types of pain occur as the patients feels as if his [[Sharira\|body]] is being pricked by needles (suchi) so the [[Vyadhi\|disease]] is named [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. It can be compared with gastro-enteritis due to pathogens such as Cholera bacilli. Complications caused by [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] are, abdominal colic, vertigo, abdominal distension, tremors and rigidity by [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]. [[Pitta dosha\|Pitta]] causes [[Jwara\|jwara (fever)]], [[Atisara Chikitsa\|atisara (diarrhoea)]], burning sensation within [[Sharira\|body]], thirst, fainting and drowsiness. [[Kapha dosha\|Kapha dosha]] leads to chardi (vomiting), heaviness of the [[Sharira\|body]], unable to speak, excessive salivation and cough. </span></li>
	~~<ol style~~=~~'text-align:justify;'><li style~~=~~"font-weight:bold">~~[[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] (sluggish bowels)~~:<br/><span style~~=~~"font-weight:normal">~~The word [[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] derived from word “Alasa” means no movement. When frail person having weak digestive power and excess of [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]] in the [[Sharira\|body]], it habitually suppresses the urges of passing flatulence, micturition and bowels and at the same time consumes sthira (solid), guru (heavy), atishushka (excessively dry), and [[Sheeta\|sheeta (cold)]], in excessive quantities then his ingested food gets afflicted by [[Vayu mahabhuta\|vayu]] ([[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]). Even exerting pressure does not push the undigested food out of the passage since it is obstructed by [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]], by excreta accumulated already, and also because of sluggish nature caused by all these factors. Vishtambhan (stasis) of [[Dosha\|dosha]] occurs so the ama remains/stagnated within the stomach i.e., food neither passes upwards nor downward. This condition is called [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. All the characteristic features of ama dosha, except vomiting and diarrhoea, are manifested severely in [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. This can be compared with Cholera sicca where, the entire [[Sharira\|body]] fluids are dragged into the intestines and intestines gets paralyzed and the patients dies because of tissue dehydration. Aggravated [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]] vitiates the consumed food and [[Kapha dosha\|kapha dosha]] obstructs the channels. The undigested food remains in gut without any further process. It causes irritation and colicky pain without vomiting or diarrhoea. </span></li></ol>		=== [[Visuchika\|Visuchika]] (gastro-enteritis) ===
	~~<ol style~~=~~'text-align:justify;'><li style~~=~~"font-weight:bold">'''~~Dandaka alasaka~~'''~~ (delayed and obstructive digestive process wherein [[Sharira\|body]] becomes stiff like a stick)~~:<br/><span style~~=~~"font-weight:normal">~~
			The word [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] derived from “suchi” means needle or “suchi vidh vedana” (pricking pain). The expulsion of ama dosha (undigested food) through both upper and lower passages of the gastrointestinal tract is called [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis). The [[Dosha\|doshas]] when tend to move outwards from both upper and downwards routes means both vomiting and diarrhoea occurs simultaneously. Due to aggravation of [[Vata dosha\|vata]] and other [[Dosha\|doshas]] different types of pain occur as the patients feels as if his [[Sharira\|body]] is being pricked by needles (suchi) so the [[Vyadhi\|disease]] is named [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. It can be compared with gastro-enteritis due to pathogens such as Cholera bacilli. Complications caused by [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] are, abdominal colic, vertigo, abdominal distension, tremors and rigidity by [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]. [[Pitta dosha\|Pitta]] causes [[Jwara\|jwara (fever)]], [[Atisara Chikitsa\|atisara (diarrhoea)]], burning sensation within [[Sharira\|body]], thirst, fainting and drowsiness. [[Kapha dosha\|Kapha dosha]] leads to chardi (vomiting), heaviness of the [[Sharira\|body]], unable to speak, excessive salivation and cough. </span></li>

			=== [[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] (sluggish bowels)===

			The word [[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] derived from word “Alasa” means no movement. When frail person having weak digestive power and excess of [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]] in the [[Sharira\|body]], it habitually suppresses the urges of passing flatulence, micturition and bowels and at the same time consumes sthira (solid), guru (heavy), atishushka (excessively dry), and [[Sheeta\|sheeta (cold)]], in excessive quantities then his ingested food gets afflicted by [[Vayu mahabhuta\|vayu]] ([[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]). Even exerting pressure does not push the undigested food out of the passage since it is obstructed by [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]], by excreta accumulated already, and also because of sluggish nature caused by all these factors. Vishtambhan (stasis) of [[Dosha\|dosha]] occurs so the ama remains/stagnated within the stomach i.e., food neither passes upwards nor downward. This condition is called [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. All the characteristic features of ama dosha, except vomiting and diarrhoea, are manifested severely in [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. This can be compared with Cholera sicca where, the entire [[Sharira\|body]] fluids are dragged into the intestines and intestines gets paralyzed and the patients dies because of tissue dehydration. Aggravated [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]] vitiates the consumed food and [[Kapha dosha\|kapha dosha]] obstructs the channels. The undigested food remains in gut without any further process. It causes irritation and colicky pain without vomiting or diarrhoea. </span></li></ol>

			===Dandaka alasaka (delayed and obstructive digestive process wherein [[Sharira\|body]] becomes stiff like a stick)===

	Severely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] associated with ama spreads all over the channels of [[Sharira\|body]] and spreads throughout the [[Sharira\|body]]. The extremely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] move obliquely towards other [[Sharira\|body]] channels to block them. As all [[Sharira\|body]] channels are blocked by ama, the [[Sharira\|body]] becomes rigid like wooden rod/staff (danda). This condition is critical and needs urgent medical care. Such clinical condition is known as dandalasaka/ dandaka alasaka.</p>		Severely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] associated with ama spreads all over the channels of [[Sharira\|body]] and spreads throughout the [[Sharira\|body]]. The extremely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] move obliquely towards other [[Sharira\|body]] channels to block them. As all [[Sharira\|body]] channels are blocked by ama, the [[Sharira\|body]] becomes rigid like wooden rod/staff (danda). This condition is critical and needs urgent medical care. Such clinical condition is known as dandalasaka/ dandaka alasaka.</p>

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:17, 5 August 2023
Line 189:		Line 189:
	<p style='text-align:justify;'>There are mainly two types of ama dosha or ama dosha vikara (disease) viz; [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis /choleretic diarrhoea) and [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] (sluggish bowel/intestinal obstruction). [Cha. Sa. [[Vimana Sthana\|Vimana Sthana]]. 2/10] Food taken in excessive quantity is the cause for sudden aggravation of all three [[Dosha\|dosha]] and formation of ama. All aggravated three [[Dosha\|dosha]] combine with ama and produce [[Vyadhi\|diseases]] like [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] and [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. [A. H. [[Sutra Sthana\|Sutra Sthana]]. 8/5-12]</p>		<p style='text-align:justify;'>There are mainly two types of ama dosha or ama dosha vikara (disease) viz; [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis /choleretic diarrhoea) and [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] (sluggish bowel/intestinal obstruction). [Cha. Sa. [[Vimana Sthana\|Vimana Sthana]]. 2/10] Food taken in excessive quantity is the cause for sudden aggravation of all three [[Dosha\|dosha]] and formation of ama. All aggravated three [[Dosha\|dosha]] combine with ama and produce [[Vyadhi\|diseases]] like [[Alasaka\|alasaka]] and [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. [A. H. [[Sutra Sthana\|Sutra Sthana]]. 8/5-12]</p>
	<ol style='text-align:justify;'><li style="font-weight:bold">[[Visuchika\|Visuchika]] (gastro-enteritis):<br/><span style="font-weight:normal">The word [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] derived from “suchi” means needle or “suchi vidh vedana” (pricking pain). The expulsion of ama dosha (undigested food) through both upper and lower passages of the gastrointestinal tract is called [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis). The [[Dosha\|doshas]] when tend to move outwards from both upper and downwards routes means both vomiting and diarrhoea occurs simultaneously. Due to aggravation of [[Vata dosha\|vata]] and other [[Dosha\|doshas]] different types of pain occur as the patients feels as if his [[Sharira\|body]] is being pricked by needles (suchi) so the [[Vyadhi\|disease]] is named [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. It can be compared with gastro-enteritis due to pathogens such as Cholera bacilli. Complications caused by [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] are, abdominal colic, vertigo, abdominal distension, tremors and rigidity by [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]. [[Pitta dosha\|Pitta]] causes [[Jwara\|jwara (fever)]], [[Atisara Chikitsa\|atisara (diarrhoea)]], burning sensation within [[Sharira\|body]], thirst, fainting and drowsiness. [[Kapha dosha\|Kapha dosha]] leads to chardi (vomiting), heaviness of the [[Sharira\|body]], unable to speak, excessive salivation and cough. </span></li>		<ol style='text-align:justify;'><li style="font-weight:bold">[[Visuchika\|Visuchika]] (gastro-enteritis):<br/><span style="font-weight:normal">The word [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] derived from “suchi” means needle or “suchi vidh vedana” (pricking pain). The expulsion of ama dosha (undigested food) through both upper and lower passages of the gastrointestinal tract is called [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] (non-infectious gastroenteritis). The [[Dosha\|doshas]] when tend to move outwards from both upper and downwards routes means both vomiting and diarrhoea occurs simultaneously. Due to aggravation of [[Vata dosha\|vata]] and other [[Dosha\|doshas]] different types of pain occur as the patients feels as if his [[Sharira\|body]] is being pricked by needles (suchi) so the [[Vyadhi\|disease]] is named [[Visuchika\|visuchika]]. It can be compared with gastro-enteritis due to pathogens such as Cholera bacilli. Complications caused by [[Visuchika\|visuchika]] are, abdominal colic, vertigo, abdominal distension, tremors and rigidity by [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]. [[Pitta dosha\|Pitta]] causes [[Jwara\|jwara (fever)]], [[Atisara Chikitsa\|atisara (diarrhoea)]], burning sensation within [[Sharira\|body]], thirst, fainting and drowsiness. [[Kapha dosha\|Kapha dosha]] leads to chardi (vomiting), heaviness of the [[Sharira\|body]], unable to speak, excessive salivation and cough. </span></li>
	<li style="font-weight:bold">[[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] (sluggish bowels):<br/><span style="font-weight:normal">The word [[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] derived from word “Alasa” means no movement. When frail person having weak digestive power and excess of [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]] in the [[Sharira\|body]], it habitually suppresses the urges of passing flatulence, micturition and bowels and at the same time consumes sthira (solid), guru (heavy), atishushka (excessively dry), and [[Sheeta\|sheeta (cold)]], in excessive quantities then his ingested food gets afflicted by [[Vayu mahabhuta\|vayu]] ([[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]). Even exerting pressure does not push the undigested food out of the passage since it is obstructed by [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]], by excreta accumulated already, and also because of sluggish nature caused by all these factors. Vishtambhan (stasis) of [[Dosha\|dosha]] occurs so the ama remains/stagnated within the stomach i.e., food neither passes upwards nor downward. This condition is called [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. All the characteristic features of ama dosha, except vomiting and diarrhoea, are manifested severely in [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. This can be compared with Cholera sicca where, the entire [[Sharira\|body]] fluids are dragged into the intestines and intestines gets paralyzed and the patients dies because of tissue dehydration. Aggravated [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]] vitiates the consumed food and [[Kapha dosha\|kapha dosha]] obstructs the channels. The undigested food remains in gut without any further process. It causes irritation and colicky pain without vomiting or diarrhoea. </span></li></ol>		<ol style='text-align:justify;'><li style="font-weight:bold">[[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] (sluggish bowels):<br/><span style="font-weight:normal">The word [[Alasaka\|Alasaka]] derived from word “Alasa” means no movement. When frail person having weak digestive power and excess of [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]] in the [[Sharira\|body]], it habitually suppresses the urges of passing flatulence, micturition and bowels and at the same time consumes sthira (solid), guru (heavy), atishushka (excessively dry), and [[Sheeta\|sheeta (cold)]], in excessive quantities then his ingested food gets afflicted by [[Vayu mahabhuta\|vayu]] ([[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]]). Even exerting pressure does not push the undigested food out of the passage since it is obstructed by [[Kapha dosha\|kapha]], by excreta accumulated already, and also because of sluggish nature caused by all these factors. Vishtambhan (stasis) of [[Dosha\|dosha]] occurs so the ama remains/stagnated within the stomach i.e., food neither passes upwards nor downward. This condition is called [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. All the characteristic features of ama dosha, except vomiting and diarrhoea, are manifested severely in [[Alasaka\|alasaka]]. This can be compared with Cholera sicca where, the entire [[Sharira\|body]] fluids are dragged into the intestines and intestines gets paralyzed and the patients dies because of tissue dehydration. Aggravated [[Vata dosha\|vata dosha]] vitiates the consumed food and [[Kapha dosha\|kapha dosha]] obstructs the channels. The undigested food remains in gut without any further process. It causes irritation and colicky pain without vomiting or diarrhoea. </span></li></ol>
			<ol style='text-align:justify;'><li style="font-weight:bold">'''Dandaka alasaka''' (delayed and obstructive digestive process wherein [[Sharira\|body]] becomes stiff like a stick):<br/><span style="font-weight:normal">
	<p style='text-align:justify;'>'''Dandaka alasaka''' (delayed and obstructive digestive process wherein [[Sharira\|body]] becomes stiff like a stick):
	Severely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] associated with ama spreads all over the channels of [[Sharira\|body]] and spreads throughout the [[Sharira\|body]]. The extremely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] move obliquely towards other [[Sharira\|body]] channels to block them. As all [[Sharira\|body]] channels are blocked by ama, the [[Sharira\|body]] becomes rigid like wooden rod/staff (danda). This condition is critical and needs urgent medical care. Such clinical condition is known as dandalasaka/ dandaka alasaka.</p>		Severely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] associated with ama spreads all over the channels of [[Sharira\|body]] and spreads throughout the [[Sharira\|body]]. The extremely vitiated [[Dosha\|dosha]] move obliquely towards other [[Sharira\|body]] channels to block them. As all [[Sharira\|body]] channels are blocked by ama, the [[Sharira\|body]] becomes rigid like wooden rod/staff (danda). This condition is critical and needs urgent medical care. Such clinical condition is known as dandalasaka/ dandaka alasaka.</p>

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:16, 24 February 2024
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	== Treatment of ama in other disease conditions ==		== Treatment of ama in other disease conditions ==
	<p style='text-align:justify;'>If ama dosha is in [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani]] (duodenum) and symptoms of ama dosha are present, then emesis is advised by warm water, madanphala (Randia dumetorum) (Emetic nut) or pippali (Piper longum) or sarshapa (Brassica campestris).		<p style="text-align:justify;">If ama dosha is in [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani]] (duodenum) and symptoms of ama dosha are present, then emesis is advised by warm water, madanphala (Randia dumetorum) (Emetic nut) or pippali (Piper longum) or sarshapa (Brassica campestris).
	<br/>If ama dosha is in leena avastha (dormant state), [[Deepana\|deepana]] medicines are advised first. If amadosha is spread throughout the [[Sharira\|body]] then first [[Langhana\|langhana]] is to be given followed by [[Pachana\|pachana]] medicines. [Ca. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana\|Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/73-75]		<br/>If ama dosha is in leena avastha (dormant state), [[Deepana\|deepana]] medicines are advised first. If amadosha is spread throughout the [[Sharira\|body]] then first [[Langhana\|langhana]] is to be given followed by [[Pachana\|pachana]] medicines. [Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana\|Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/73-75]
	<br/>If stomach is free from amadosha, then panchakola churna (powder) and peyadi laghu ahara (light to digest thin gruel) and [[Deepana\|deepana]] (drugs which kindles digestive fire) medicines should be given. [Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana\|Chikitsa sthana]] 15/76]		<br/>If stomach is free from amadosha, then panchakola churna (powder) and peyadi laghu ahara (light to digest thin gruel) and [[Deepana\|deepana]] (drugs which kindles digestive fire) medicines should be given. [Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana\|Chikitsa sthana]] 15/76]
	<br/>Following measures to be adopted for [[Shamana\|shamana]] chikitsa (palliative therapy) in general during the treatment of Ama:<ref name="ref5">Yog ratnakara with Vidyotini tika by Vaidya Lakshmipati Sastri. Purvakhanda. Editted by Brahmashankar Sastri. Chaukambha Prakshana. Varanasi. Ed: 2017. Pg. no. 19.</ref>		<br/>Following measures to be adopted for [[Shamana\|shamana]] chikitsa (palliative therapy) in general during the treatment of Ama:<ref name="ref5">Yog ratnakara with Vidyotini tika by Vaidya Lakshmipati Sastri. Purvakhanda. Editted by Brahmashankar Sastri. Chaukambha Prakshana. Varanasi. Ed: 2017. Pg. no. 19.</ref>
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	== Current researches ==		== Current researches ==
			'''Ama assessment scale'''

			Pandey and Rastogi have developed a quantifiable measure for the assessment of ''ama.'' It helped the researchers to utilize this percept as a reliable measure to mark the disease activity in ''amavata''. The ama assessment scale includes twenty one clinically observed features of ama compiled from all classical Ayurvedic samhita. This ''ama'' based scoring can be helpful in quantifying the intervention-related benefits in terms of the significance of changes in baseline ''ama'' score.<ref>Pandey P, Rastogi S, Lawrence A, Agrawal GG. Development and validation of an ama instrument for assessing the disease activity on the basis of constitutional features in Amavata (Rheumatoid Arthritis). ''J Ayurveda Integr Med''. 2023;14(2):100689. doi:10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100689</ref>

	=== Theses works on ama ===		=== Theses works on ama ===
	Following are the some theses work of ama		Following are the some theses work of ama
	<ol style='text-align:justify;'><li style="font-weight:bold">A clinical study on the role of ama in relation to ~~Grahini~~ roga and its management by kallingadi ghanavati and tryushnadi ghrita<span style="font-weight:normal"><br/><b>Discussion over role of ama in relation to [[Grahani Chikitsa\|Grahani]] [[Vyadhi\|disease]]: </b>When the vitiated [[~~Dosha\|~~dosha]] get confined only to the organ [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani]] (duodenum), then it should be called ‘Grahani dosha’. But when the vitiated [[Dosha\|doshas]] travels throughout the rasadi [[Dhatu\|dhatus]] (seven bodily tissues) i.e. throughout the [[Sharira\|body]], then it should be called as ~~‘Grahani~~ roga’ (functional impairment of [[~~Agni\|~~agni]]). The [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani]] and [[~~Agni\|~~agni]] (digestive process) are having co-existing nature/dependent on each other (adhara adheya sambandha). This view is confirmed by corroborative evidence from recent development in pathology. The mucosal damage in the form of villous atrophy and other microvillus changes in different enteropathies affect the enzymes present in the enterocyte brush borders. When the [[Vyadhi\|disease]] process progresses, further it affects the pancreatic secretion as it depends upon cholecystokinin and secretin secretion from the enterocyte. The immature epithelial cells are unable to secrete the required amount of cholecystokinin and secretin. In the pathogenesis ([[~~Samprapti\|~~samprapti]]) of [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani]] [[Vyadhi\|disease]], Acharya Charak elaborated a series of events as below.		<ol style='text-align:justify;'><li style="font-weight:bold">A clinical study on the role of ama in relation to [[Grahani Chikitsa\|Grahani]] roga and its management by kallingadi ghanavati and tryushnadi ghrita<span style="font-weight:normal"><br /><b>Discussion over role of ama in relation to [[Grahani Chikitsa\|Grahani]] [[Vyadhi\|disease]]: </b>When the vitiated [[dosha]] get confined only to the organ [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani]] (duodenum), then it should be called ‘Grahani dosha’. But when the vitiated [[Dosha\|doshas]] travels throughout the rasadi [[Dhatu\|dhatus]] (seven bodily tissues) i.e. throughout the [[Sharira\|body]], then it should be called as ‘[[Grahani Chikitsa\|Grahani]] roga’ (functional impairment of [[agni]]). The [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani]] and [[agni]] (digestive process) are having co-existing nature/dependent on each other (adhara adheya sambandha). This view is confirmed by corroborative evidence from recent development in pathology. The mucosal damage in the form of villous atrophy and other microvillus changes in different enteropathies affect the enzymes present in the enterocyte brush borders. When the [[Vyadhi\|disease]] process progresses, further it affects the pancreatic secretion as it depends upon cholecystokinin and secretin secretion from the enterocyte. The immature epithelial cells are unable to secrete the required amount of cholecystokinin and secretin. In the pathogenesis ([[samprapti]]) of [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani]] [[Vyadhi\|disease]], Acharya Charak elaborated a series of events as below.
	<br/>Indulgence in causes that vitiate [[~~Agni\|~~agni]] (digestive f) → [[~~Agni\|~~agni]] dushti (vitiation og [[~~Agni\|~~agni]]) → indigestion (apachana) → production of ama (non-metabolized, poorly formed product) → ~~putreification~~ (shukta paka)→ advanced condition of ama ~~manifestating~~ as a poisoning ~~codition~~ (anna visha or ama visha) → [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani dosha]] (functional impairement of [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahini]]) → [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani]] dushti (vitiation of [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani]])→ grahini roga ([[Vyadhi\|diseases]] manifestating as functional ~~impairement~~ of [[~~Agni\|~~agni]]/digestive ~~funtions~~). Ama is the root cause of almost all [[Vyadhi\|diseases]] produced in the [[Sharira\|body]] and the treatment of any [[Vyadhi\|disease]] can be based on stage of the [[Vyadhi\|disease]] associated with ama (saama) & stage of the [[Vyadhi\|disease]] not associated with ama (nirama avastha).		<br />Indulgence in causes that vitiate [[agni]] (digestive factors) → [[agni]] dushti (vitiation of [[agni]]) → indigestion (apachana) → production of ama (non-metabolized, poorly formed product) → putrification (shukta paka)→ advanced condition of ama manifestation as a poisoning condition (anna visha or ama visha) → [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani dosha]] (functional impairement of [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahini]]) → [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani]] dushti (vitiation of [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani]])→ grahini roga ([[Vyadhi\|diseases]] manifestating as functional impairment of [[agni]]/digestive functions). Ama is the root cause of almost all [[Vyadhi\|diseases]] produced in the [[Sharira\|body]] and the treatment of any [[Vyadhi\|disease]] can be based on stage of the [[Vyadhi\|disease]] associated with ama (saama) & stage of the [[Vyadhi\|disease]] not associated with ama (nirama avastha).
	<br/><b>Outcome of clinical study: </b>This clinical trial was carried out in 66 patients of 16-60 year of age group having cardinal sign and symptoms of [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani]] [[Vyadhi\|disease]]. Patients were selected randomly into Group A, Group B and Group C treated by kallingadi ghanavati, tryushnadi ghrita and combination of both (ghanavati & ghrita) respectively for 2 weeks. The overall effect of therapies showed that better results observed in group B in comparison to group A. In comparison of all three groups, group C showed slight better results than those of rest two groups.<ref name="ref8">A clinical study on the role of ama in relation to grahini roga and its management by kallingadi ghanavati and tryushnadi ghrita by Alpesh P. Sorathiya, Dept. of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA, Jamnagar, 2009. </ref> </span></li>		<br /><b>Outcome of clinical study: </b>This clinical trial was carried out in 66 patients of 16-60 year of age group having cardinal sign and symptoms of [[Grahani Chikitsa\|grahani]] [[Vyadhi\|disease]]. Patients were selected randomly into Group A, Group B and Group C treated by kallingadi ghanavati, tryushnadi ghrita and combination of both (ghanavati & ghrita) respectively for 2 weeks. The overall effect of therapies showed that better results observed in group B in comparison to group A. In comparison of all three groups, group C showed slight better results than those of rest two groups.<ref name="ref8">A clinical study on the role of ama in relation to grahini roga and its management by kallingadi ghanavati and tryushnadi ghrita by Alpesh P. Sorathiya, Dept. of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA, Jamnagar, 2009. </ref> </span></li>
	<li style="font-weight:bold">Association of stress inducing factors (manoabhitapakara bhava) and free radical over [[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]]<span style="font-weight:normal"><br/><b>Discussion over association of stress inducing factors (manoabhitapakara bhava) and free radicals with chronic metabolic [[Vyadhi\|diseases]] such as diabetes mellitus type 2 ([[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]]):</b><br/>This research explains about how adherence with stress (manobhitapakara bhava) lead to produce ama or free radical, and in turn produces chronic metabolic [[Vyadhi\|diseases]]. The harmony of [[Manas\|mind (manas)]] responsible for the perfect harmony of [[Sharira\|body]]. Altered external living sources like demographic alteration, change in family system, urbanization, industrialization, westernisation have a potent role to induce the pathogenesis at psychic level as well as [[Sharira\|body]] level by the faulty pattern of adaptataion. Repeated attachment with stress (kamadi bhavas) are the potent cause for morbidity and mortality rate of obstinate urinary [[Vyadhi\|disease]]/diabetes melitus type 2([[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]]). This is not only for the cause but it also responsible for the complication. Excessive generation of free radical sustained affection of stress (manobhitapakara bhavas) altered the [[Sharira\|body]] defence mechanism, which in terms can be understand. Treatment like pacifying vitiated manasika dosha (manasa doshahara), counseling, antistress approach, [[Deepana\|dipana (appetizers)]], [[Pachana\|pachana]] (digestives), can check the vicious pathogenesis involved in [[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]] (obstinate urinary [[Vyadhi\|disease]]/ diabetes mellitus type 2). <br/><b>Outcome of the study: </b>There is a direct relation of the mean score of manobhitapakara bhavas (stress), lipid peroxide and fasting blood sugar. By changing mode of [[Ayu\|life]] style, optimistic attitude, keeping faith in good, decreasing the high blood pressure level stress hormones can be reduced. Which it reflects through the sufficient decrease in signs and symptoms of the [[Vyadhi\|disease]].<ref name="ref9">Manoabhitapakara bhava, free radical, madhumeha by Bishnupriya, Dept. of Basic principles, IPGT& RA, Jamnagar,2001.</ref></span></li>		<li style="font-weight:bold">Association of stress inducing factors (manoabhitapakara bhava) and free radical over [[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]]<span style="font-weight:normal"><br/><b>Discussion over association of stress inducing factors (manoabhitapakara bhava) and free radicals with chronic metabolic [[Vyadhi\|diseases]] such as diabetes mellitus type 2 ([[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]]):</b><br/>This research explains about how adherence with stress (manobhitapakara bhava) lead to produce ama or free radical, and in turn produces chronic metabolic [[Vyadhi\|diseases]]. The harmony of [[Manas\|mind (manas)]] responsible for the perfect harmony of [[Sharira\|body]]. Altered external living sources like demographic alteration, change in family system, urbanization, industrialization, westernisation have a potent role to induce the pathogenesis at psychic level as well as [[Sharira\|body]] level by the faulty pattern of adaptataion. Repeated attachment with stress (kamadi bhavas) are the potent cause for morbidity and mortality rate of obstinate urinary [[Vyadhi\|disease]]/diabetes melitus type 2([[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]]). This is not only for the cause but it also responsible for the complication. Excessive generation of free radical sustained affection of stress (manobhitapakara bhavas) altered the [[Sharira\|body]] defence mechanism, which in terms can be understand. Treatment like pacifying vitiated manasika dosha (manasa doshahara), counseling, antistress approach, [[Deepana\|dipana (appetizers)]], [[Pachana\|pachana]] (digestives), can check the vicious pathogenesis involved in [[Prameha Chikitsa\|madhumeha]] (obstinate urinary [[Vyadhi\|disease]]/ diabetes mellitus type 2). <br/><b>Outcome of the study: </b>There is a direct relation of the mean score of manobhitapakara bhavas (stress), lipid peroxide and fasting blood sugar. By changing mode of [[Ayu\|life]] style, optimistic attitude, keeping faith in good, decreasing the high blood pressure level stress hormones can be reduced. Which it reflects through the sufficient decrease in signs and symptoms of the [[Vyadhi\|disease]].<ref name="ref9">Manoabhitapakara bhava, free radical, madhumeha by Bishnupriya, Dept. of Basic principles, IPGT& RA, Jamnagar,2001.</ref></span></li>
	<li style="font-weight:bold">A critical and comparative study of Ama and Free radical theory with special reference to [[Amavata\|Amavata]]<span style="font-weight:normal"><br/><b>Outcome of study: </b>Free radical is an atom/molecule that contains one or more unpaired electron, which requires neutralisation by free radical scavengers. Thus it exists in an incomplete metabolic state which is also the state of ama described as incompletely digested (avipakvam). Free radicals cause damage to cell membrane and thus the cell is destroyed. This destruction may lead to putrification and foul smell generations which is similar to one of the property of ama described as unpleasant smell (durgandham). Though ama remains in the [[Sharira\|body]] as isolated or not mized (asamyuktam), but due to its properties like excessive sliminess (bahupicchilam) etc. it sticks to normal healthy [[Sharira\|body]] tissues very quickly, similar is the case with free radicals. To seek stability in their structure they quickly attack the healthy molecules of the [[Sharira\|body]] and thus setting a chain reaction. The cells throughout [[Sharira\|body]] are continously exposed to these damaging molecules, same has been described for ama as causing sluggishness of whole [[Sharira\|body]] (sadanam sarva gatranam). From above one can observe that properties of free radicals are similar to the properties of ama described in classics. Now the process of production of free radicals in [[Sharira\|body]] and production of ama would be considered. So it may be concluded that the causative factors ([[Nidana\|nidana]]) such as heavy to digest (guru), unctuousness (snigdha) etc. qualities of [[Ahara\|diet (ahara)]] of [[Amavata\|amavata]] (rheumatism) as mentioned in the classics have a specific role to play in production of ama and also in the generation of free radicals. Also the line of treatment of ama advocated in the classics is effective in reducing the level of ama as well as free radicals. So it can be inferred that a positive correlation exists between ama and free radicals.<ref name="ref10">A critical and comparative study of Ama and Free radical theory with special reference to Amavata by Gaurav sharma, Department of Basic principles, IPGT& RA, Jamnagar, 2001.</ref></span></li>		<li style="font-weight:bold">A critical and comparative study of Ama and Free radical theory with special reference to [[Amavata\|Amavata]]<span style="font-weight:normal"><br/><b>Outcome of study: </b>Free radical is an atom/molecule that contains one or more unpaired electron, which requires neutralisation by free radical scavengers. Thus it exists in an incomplete metabolic state which is also the state of ama described as incompletely digested (avipakvam). Free radicals cause damage to cell membrane and thus the cell is destroyed. This destruction may lead to putrification and foul smell generations which is similar to one of the property of ama described as unpleasant smell (durgandham). Though ama remains in the [[Sharira\|body]] as isolated or not mized (asamyuktam), but due to its properties like excessive sliminess (bahupicchilam) etc. it sticks to normal healthy [[Sharira\|body]] tissues very quickly, similar is the case with free radicals. To seek stability in their structure they quickly attack the healthy molecules of the [[Sharira\|body]] and thus setting a chain reaction. The cells throughout [[Sharira\|body]] are continously exposed to these damaging molecules, same has been described for ama as causing sluggishness of whole [[Sharira\|body]] (sadanam sarva gatranam). From above one can observe that properties of free radicals are similar to the properties of ama described in classics. Now the process of production of free radicals in [[Sharira\|body]] and production of ama would be considered. So it may be concluded that the causative factors ([[Nidana\|nidana]]) such as heavy to digest (guru), unctuousness (snigdha) etc. qualities of [[Ahara\|diet (ahara)]] of [[Amavata\|amavata]] (rheumatism) as mentioned in the classics have a specific role to play in production of ama and also in the generation of free radicals. Also the line of treatment of ama advocated in the classics is effective in reducing the level of ama as well as free radicals. So it can be inferred that a positive correlation exists between ama and free radicals.<ref name="ref10">A critical and comparative study of Ama and Free radical theory with special reference to Amavata by Gaurav sharma, Department of Basic principles, IPGT& RA, Jamnagar, 2001.</ref></span></li>